Comparison of the bone mineral density of lumbar spine in active and inactive postmenopausal women

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant professor, Department of Sports Sciences, Kashmar Higher Education Institute, Kashmar, Iran.

2 Corresponding Author: M.Sc. of Physical Education, School of Physical Education, Mashhad Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

Abstract

Introduction: Background and purpose: The female health status after menopause drastically changes due to rapid decrease in estrogen levels. Appropriate preventive measures can result in improved health and adjustment in this period. In this study, Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and Bone Mineral Content (BMC) of the lumbar spine, as well as the prevalence of spinal osteopenia and osteoporosis, were compared in active and inactive postmenopausal women.
Methods: This study was performed in 2011 on 12 active and 12 inactive postmenopausal women aged 50–58. The active group had walking experience of  at least 3 years (three sessions per week, one hour per session) while the inactive group did not have any apparent physical activity. BMD and BMC and the prevalence of femoral osteopenia and osteoporosis were measured using the DEXA device. The data were analyzed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and independent t-test, using the SPSS software (ver. 16). The values of P < 0.05 were considered significant.
Findings: BMD of lumbar vertebrae and the T-score values of postmenopausal women were higher in all measurements in active women, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P=0.002). BMC of the lumbar spine of active women was higher (P=0.002) compared with the inactive women, except in the first and second vertebrae. Furthermore, the values of the Z-score of the active women were higher compared with the inactive women except in the first to fourth vertebrae and total lumbar spine and the difference was statistically significant. Osteopenia and osteoporosis were less prevalent in active postmenopausal women compared to the inactive women.
Discussion : Participating in simple physical activities such as walking can increase BMD and BMC of the lumbar spine and decrease the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis as well as the risk of bone fractures in postmenopausal women. 

Keywords

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The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 18, Issue 181
February 2016
Pages 10-19

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