Distribution of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Spontaneous Abortion

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan Branch, Lahijan, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Rasht Branch, Rasht, Iran.

4 M.Sc. of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Royan Institute for Biotechnology and Reproductive Biomedicine, Reproductive Medicine Research Center, Jahad section, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: Primary Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs in 0.15-2% of all pregnancies and transfers to fetus up to 40% that some of these cases lead to abortion. Acute CMV infection in first trimester causes the most severe damage on fetus. The aim of this study wasinvestigation the distribution of cytomegalovirus infection in spontaneous abortion cases by investigating the frequency of primary, reinfection and reactivated CMV infections in mothers.
Methods: In this cross sectional study, 40 cases of abortion which were referred to Mehr Fertility Institute of Rasht, Iran during the second 6 month of 2010 were studied for maternal CMV infections (primary, reactivated, and reinfection using ELISA assay to detect antibodies including CMV-IgM ,CMV-IgG and CMV-IgG avidity in sera of mothers. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Seroprevalence of positive CMV-IgG in studied women was 100.0% and all of them had high seropositivity rate (≥60RU/ml) as well. About 7 subjects (17.5%) had primary infections (CMW-IgM positive with low CMV-IgG avidity). Frequency of primary cytomegalovirus infection in abortions was statistically significant in cases with abortion (p= 0.0001).
Conclusion: Results of the present study showed seropositivity to CMV-IgG even with high titer is not a good indicator for mother immunity and can not avoid occurrence of reinfection. Screening with CMV-IgG in pregnancy in not valuable but regarding to high rate frequency of primary infection in abortions, it seems that survey of pregnant women for these infections with measuring CMV-IgM and CMV-IgG avidity is worthy.

Keywords

References

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