The effect of resistance training on brachial ankle index, blood pressure and bone morphogenetic protein 4 in type-2 diabetic women with peripheral neuropathy

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, Shahrood University of Technology.

2 Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education, Shahrood University of Technology.

10.22038/ijogi.2025.82886.6221

Abstract

Introduction: It seems that vascular function plays a role in the development of diabetes, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of resistance training on ankle-brachial index, blood pressure and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 in women with diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods: The subject included type 2 diabetic women with peripheral neuropathy (Michigan Score higher than 7). Resistance training group (N=13) with average age 58±3 years and body mass index 28±4 kg/m2 and fasting blood sugar 187±49 mg/dL and control group (N=15) with average age 56±4 years and body mass index 30±3 kg/m2 and fasting blood sugar 191±25 mg/dL. The 12 weeks of training consisted of 1-3 sets per session with 10-15 repetitions per exercise and 50-60% of 1RM with 30-60 seconds rest intervals between each exercise and 3-5 minutes between each exercise on 3 days per week. Analysis of covariance test was used to evaluate the dependent variables in the training group compared to the control group (P≤0.05). Results: In ankle-brachial index (P=0.011), systolic blood pressure (P=0.02), blood sugar (P=0.001), insulin resistance (P=0.001) and 4-BMP (0.001) =P) based on the covariance values, there was a significant decrease in the values of the training group compared to the control group; However, there was no significant difference for weight, body mass index, fat percentage and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that decreased BMP-4 may be related to exercise-induced arterial changes, but the needs more research in this field.

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The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 29 November 2025

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