Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
General Practitioner, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Emam Hosein Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
10.22038/ijogi.2025.86777.6382
Abstract
Introduction: Given the conflicting findings regarding the association between substance use in pregnant women and maternal and neonatal complications, this study aimed to investigate the impact of substance use on pregnancy and delivery outcomes.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 260 pregnant women referred to Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran in 2023 were examined based on inclusion criteria and through convenience sampling. Demographic data and pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes were compared between women with and without a history of substance use using SPSS software and statistical tests such as the Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and Fisher's exact test.
Results: Overall, 48 individuals (18.5%) had a history of substance use (64.6% traditional substances and 35.4% synthetic substances). Among women with a history of substance use compared to the other group, the prevalence of IUFD (4.2% vs. 0.5%, p=0.030), intrauterine growth restriction (6.5% vs. 0.5%, p=0.019), premature rupture of membranes (10.9% vs. 0.9%, p<0.001), cesarean delivery (79.2% vs. 36.3%, p<0.001), preterm delivery (32.6% vs. 3.3%, p<0.001), and meconium staining (17.4% vs. 0.9%, p<0.001) were higher. Additionally, the one-minute (8.37 ± 0.93 vs. 9.71 ± 0.60, p<0.001) and five-minute (8.72 ± 0.81 vs. 9.96 ± 0.19, p<0.001) Apgar scores were significantly lower in the substance use group.
Conclusion: Substance use during pregnancy is associated with adverse pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes. Pregnant women with a history of substance use should be closely monitored.
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