Correlation of estradiol level with clinical characteristics of postmenopausal women with endometrial malignancies and abnormal uterine bleeding

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

General Practitioner, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran

10.22038/ijogi.2025.85084.6306

Abstract

Introduction: Given the high prevalence and complications of human papillomavirus (HPV) and the high importance of diagnosing the infection and the type of causative genotype, as well as the factors affecting it, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HPV and its relationship with demographic characteristics of women with normal Pap smears.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analytical study, 225 women with normal Pap smears who referred to hospitals affiliated with Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences from 1401 to 1403 were included in the study according to the inclusion criteria and available methods. HPV infection and its genotype were determined by Real-Time PCR method and their relationship with demographic characteristics was examined using the Chi-square test.

Results: In total, 63 people (28.0%) were infected with HPV, most of whom (55.5%) had high-risk types. In the low-risk group, subtype 6 (0.25%), in the intermediate-risk group, subtypes 53 (24.8%) and 73 (24.8%), and in the high-risk group, subtype 51 (0.20%) were the most common. There was only a significant association between education level and different HPV types (p = 0.037).

Conclusion: The prevalence of HPV types, especially the less known subtypes (51, 53, and 73), in women with healthy Pap smears was significant, and its investigation in different communities by PCR method, especially in people with lower education level, is necessary.

Keywords: Human papillomavirus, molecular polymerase chain reaction, Pap smear

Keywords

Main Subjects

The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 29 June 2025

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