Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Assistant Professor of Pathology Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2
Assistant Professor of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Neonatal Research Center, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.
3
Department of Pediatrics, Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Neonatal Research Center, Shiraz, Iran
4
Professor of Infertility & IVF, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, "Infertility Research Center Shiraz University of Medical Sciences", Zeynab Hospital, Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sci
5
Assistant Professor of Radiology, Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Chamran Hospital, Zeynab Hospital, Shahid Faghihi Hospital, Namazi Teaching Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
6
Student research committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Shiraz.
10.22038/ijogi.2025.69281.5523
Abstract
Introduction:Low birth weight (LBW) refers to a birth weight of less than 2500 grams. Infant mortality is directly related to LBW. Factors related to LBW include fetal, placental and maternal factors and are often multifactorial. The aim of this study is to investigate placental pathologies in LBW babies and its relationship with neonatal symptoms.
Methodology:This study was done descriptively and cross-sectionally. For this purpose, pairs of LBW babies born in the operating room and the delivery room were examined by a pathologist. Babies, both hospitalized and non-hospitalized, were examined and followed up in the first month. Then the data was collected and the samples were analyzed. P value less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean gestational age was 34.49 ± 3.3 weeks and the mean placenta weight was 406 ± 109.42 grams. In microscopic examination of paired samples, out of the total number of 159 cases (58.5%),93cases had abnormal pathology and(41.5%)66 had normal pathology. The most pathological changes were related to ischemia and vascular infarction. The mean weight of the placenta and the birth weight of the babies in the group with abnormal pathology were lower than the group with normal pathology, which was a significant statistical difference. In total, out of 50 babies who had morbidity (74%), 37 had abnormal placental pathology (P value=0.009).
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between placental pathologies, low birth weight, low placental weight, and neonatal morbidity. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the placenta in LBW infants.
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