The Study of the Relationship between Hypernatremia in Neonates and Mode of Maternal Breast Feeding in Hospitalized Infants in Ghaem Hospital of Mashhad, Iran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

2 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Borujerd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Borujerd, Iran.

3 Lecturer of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University Tonekabon, Tonekabon, Iran.

4 M.Sc. of Nursing, Department of Pediatrics, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: The extreme reduction in breast milk intake during the first days of life leads to weight loss, kidney failure and hypernatremia. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hypernatremia in neonates and the mode of maternal breastfeeding.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 670 infants who referred to the neonatal ward and clinic of Ghaem hospital of Mashhad, Iran during 2006 to 2012. First, complete history of the mother and baby were obtained regarding pregnancy and delivery problems, mode of breastfeeding, and the first time of lactation beginning. Then neonates were divided into two groups according to the amount of blood sodium, isonatremic and hypernatremic (sodium ≥ 150 mg/dl). Data were analyzed using t-test and chi-square tests with SPSS software (version 11.5). P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The average age (p=0.911), Apgar scores (p=0.192), time of the first lactation (p=0.081) and breast feeding duration (p=0.108) showed no statistically significant differences between isonatremic and hypernatremic groups. But the admission weight (p=0.021), times of lactation (p<0.001), breast-feeding status (p<0.001), let down reflex in mother’s breast (p<0.001), kind of nutrition (p<0.001), breast filling after childbirth and lactation (p<0.001), and breast softening after breast-feeding (p<0.001), urination frequency (p<0.001), defecation frequency (p<0.001) and duration of maternal hospitalization (p=0.007) showed statistically significant differences between two groups.
Conclusion: Neonatal weight control, times of lactation, lactation status, breast changes during breast feeding and frequency of urination and defecation may be effective in early detection of reduced breast milk intake and control of related complications.
 

Keywords


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