The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training and Thyme Supplementation on the Serum Levels Adropin and Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha in Sedentary Young Girls: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 PhD Student, Department of Sports Physiology, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, Tehran North Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Sports Physiology, Islamshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Islamshahr, Iran.

10.22038/ijogi.2024.79285.6087

Abstract

Introduction: Inactivity and sedentary are of the most important health problems that can affect serum proteins. The present research was conducted with aim to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) along with the consumption of thyme suplementation on the serum levels of adropin and Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) in sedentary young girls.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study conducted in 2023, 48 sedentary young girls with mean age of 20.00±1.61 years were randomly divided into four groups: HIIT, thyme, HIIT+thyme and control. Venous blood was taken in the pre-test and post-test stages. Serum levels of adropin and TNF-α were analyzed using specific ELISA kits. The data was analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 22) using ANOVA and paired t tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There was no significant difference between the studied groups in the serum level of adropin before the test (P=0.501) and after the test (P=0.732), and the changes in adropin were not significant in the studied groups (P>0.05). A significant decrease in TNF-α values was observed in the thyme (P=0.001) and HIIT + thyme groups (P=0.014) after the interventions, while a significant increase in TNF-α values was observed in the HIIT group (P=0.007).
Conclusion: Performing HIIT exercises increases TNF-α levels and consuming thyme supplements decreases it and in cases where they are used at the same time, the effect of thyme is still stronger. Adropin levels were not affected by exercise or thyme supplementation.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Bueno-Antequera J, Munguía-Izquierdo D. Physical Inactivity, Sedentarism, and Low Fitness: A Worldwide Pandemic for Public Health. InIntegrated Science of Global Epidemics 2023:429-447. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
  2. Paroi S, Hasanat MA, Roy BK. Study on the sedentary lifestyle of adolescents in Khulna city. Mediscope 2022; 9(2):68-74.
  3. Ali II, D’Souza C, Singh J, Adeghate E. Adropin’s role in energy homeostasis and metabolic disorders. International journal of molecular sciences 2022; 23(15):8318.
  4. Jahromi AS, Zar A, Ahmadi F, Krustrup P, Ebrahim K, Hovanloo F, et al. Effects of endurance training on the serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ in sedentary men. Immune network 2014; 14(5):255-9.
  5. Ramezankhani A, Soori R, Ravasi A, Akbarnejad A. An Investigation of the Effects of Long-Term Exercise on Serum Adropin Levels and Improvement of HOMA-IR in Obese Sedentary Women. Journal of Sport Biosciences 2019; 11(3):239-51.
  6. Zhang H, Chen N. Adropin as an indicator of T2DM and its complications. Food Science and Human Wellness 2022; 11(6):1455-63.
  7. Gökbel H, Okudan N, Gül I, Belviranli M, Gergerlioglu HS, BaSaral MK. Effects of repeated bouts of supramaximal exercise on plasma adiponectin, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in sedentary men. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 2012; 26(6):1675-9.
  8. Vijayaraghava A, Doreswamy V. Exercise and the cytokines-interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha): A review: Exercise and the cytokines, IL-6, TNF-alpha. Annals of Medical Physiology 2017; 1(1):3-8.
  9. Azamian Jazi A, Moradi Sarteshnizi E, Fathi M, Azamian Jazi Z. Elastic band resistance training increases adropin and ameliorates some cardiometabolic risk factors in elderly women: A quasi-experimental study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 2022; 14(1):178.
  10. Osali A, Eskandari M. The Effect of three months aerobic exercise with moderate intensity on serum BDNF and TNF-α in women with metabolic syndrome. medical journal of mashhad university of medical sciences 2016; 59(4):242-51.
  11. Conraads VM, Beckers P, Bosmans J, De Clerck LS, Stevens WJ, Vrints CJ, et al. Combined endurance/resistance training reduces plasma TNF-α receptor levels in patients with chronic heart failure and coronary artery disease. European heart journal 2002; 23(23):1854-60.
  12. Sugama K, Suzuki K, Yoshitani K, Shiraishi K, Kometani T. Urinary excretion of cytokines versus their plasma levels after endurance exercise. Exercise immunology review 2013; 19.
  13. Hammoudi Halat D, Krayem M, Khaled S, Younes S. A focused insight into thyme: Biological, chemical, and therapeutic properties of an indigenous Mediterranean herb. Nutrients 2022; 14(10):2104.
  14. Vahdat H, Mombini H, Eslami Farsani M, Ab Abzadeh S, Barzegar H. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on the levels of Irisin and interleukin-10 in overweight men. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal 2018; 12(2):35-44.
  15. Jackson AS, Pollock ML. Practical assessment of body composition. The Physician and sportsmedicine 1985; 13(5):76-90.
  16. Jokar M, Sherafati Moghadam M, Daryanoosh F. The effect of a period of high-intensity interval training on the content of AMPK and PGC-1α proteins in the heart muscle tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes. Daneshvar Medicine 2021; 29(1):23-34.
  17. Eskandar Pour F, Tofighi A, Tolouei Azar J. Effects of eight-weeks of circuit resistance training with Thyme supplementation on serum FGF-21 in overweight menopausal women. Journal of Applied Health Studies in Sport Physiology 2018; 5(2):20-7.
  18. Tolouei Azar J, Saberi Y, Tofigi A, Ghorbanian B. Effects of 10 weeks of continuous aerobic training and Sesamin supplementation on serum levels of Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-1 Beta in trained men. Journal of Practical Studies of Biosciences in Sport 2020; 8(16):8-19.
  19. Morales-Palomo F, Ramirez-Jimenez M, Ortega JF, Pallares JG, Mora-Rodriguez R. Acute hypotension after high-intensity interval exercise in metabolic syndrome patients. International Journal of Sports Medicine 2017; 38(07):560-7.
  20. Eddolls WT, McNarry MA, Stratton G, Winn CO, Mackintosh KA. High-intensity interval training interventions in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Sports medicine 2017; 47:2363-74.
  21. Racil G, Coquart JB, Elmontassar W, Haddad M, Goebel R, Chaouachi A, et al. Greater effects of high-compared with moderate-intensity interval training on cardio-metabolic variables, blood leptin concentration and ratings of perceived exertion in obese adolescent females. Biology of sport 2016; 33(2):145.
  22. Ghaedi H, Hosseini SA, Jaberi H. Effect of 8 Weeks of Resistance Exercise Combined with Shirazi Thyme Supplementation on Plasma Levels of INF-γ and TNF-alpha in Men With Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver. Complementary Medicine Journal 2021; 11(3):256-67.
  23. Celik E, Yilmaz E, Celik O, Ulas M, Turkcuoglu I, Karaer A, et al. Maternal and fetal adropin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus. Journal of perinatal medicine 2013; 41(4):375-80.
  24. Lovren F, Pan Y, Quan A, Singh KK, Shukla PC, Gupta M, et al. Adropin is a novel regulator of endothelial function. Circulation 2010; 122(11_suppl_1):S185-92.
  25. Abbasian S, Ravasi AA, Soori R, Aydin S, Choobineh S, Aydin S. High-intensity interval training ameliorates endothelial dysfunction through adropin, nitric oxide, MR-proADM, and copeptin changes in overweight subjects. Hormones 2022; 21(4):707-17.
  26. Pedersen BK, Febbraio M. Muscle-derived interleukin-6—a possible link between skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, liver, and brain. Brain, behavior, and immunity 2005; 19(5):371-6.
  27. Rosa JS, Heydari S, Oliver SR, Flores RL, Pontello AM, Ibardolaza M, et al. Inflammatory cytokine profiles during exercise in obese, diabetic, and healthy children. Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology 2011; 3(3):115-21.
  28. Horváth G, Horváth A, Reichert G, Böszörményi A, Sipos K, Pandur E. Three chemotypes of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oil and their main compounds affect differently the IL-6 and TNFα cytokine secretions of BV-2 microglia by modulating the NF-κB and C/EBPβ signalling pathways. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies 2021; 21(1):148.
The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 27, Issue 5
July 2024
Pages 20-31

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics