Document Type : Review Article
Authors
1
PhD student of reproductive health, Student Research committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2
Midwifery and reproductive health department,School of Nursing,Shahid Beheshti University of medical sciences
3
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, school of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
4
Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
10.22038/ijogi.2024.79736.6083
Abstract
Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most important initiator of cervical cancer and its mortality, despite the significant effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in preventing this cancer, vaccination rates remain low in many communities. This study aimed to review the challenges and barriers to vaccination based on the HBM in women of childbearing age.
Methods: This study was conducted through the search of reliable databases by two independent researchers, following PICO guidelines and using MESH keywords.: Papillomavirus Infections, Human papillomavirus, Papillomavirus Vaccines, Health Belief Model, Self-Care, Patient Participation, Health Education, needs assessment and women. selecting articles was based on the PRISMA flowchart and quality assessment of articles using the NOS and CASP checklists.
Results: After reviewing and evaluating the quality of 2258 articles, 13 articles with 6030 women entered. According to the results, challenges and barriers were in three major categories: individual, psychosocial, and organizational. The most significant individual barriers included inadequate information and insusceptibility to viral pathogenicity. The most significant psychosocial barriers included fear and shame among women and the taboo of STI. Unavailability of vaccine, ineffective communication with clients, and communication and care gaps were also the major organizational barriers.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, strategic approaches should prioritize enhancing women's knowledge of HPV, providing sexual counseling services, and implementing routine and free HPV vaccination in national sexual health policies and programs. Furthermore, healthcare providers should be trained to establish effective communication with clients, ensuring continuity of care.
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