Introduction: Chlamydia trachomatis is a common infection in young and sexually active women. Although most cases of infection are asymptomatic, but, potentially dangerous, regarding women's reproductive health. The aim of this study was to compare the frequency of chlamydia infection by PCR in women with ectopic and intrauterine pregnancies.

Material and Methods: In a case-control study, patients with extra-uterus pregnancy and intra-uterus pregnancy reading chlamydia infection, history of exposure to cigarette smoke, age of marriage, history of urinary tract infection, genital infection and abortion were compared. PCR was used to diagnose of chlamydia trachomatis. Data were analyzed by statistical software with independent t-test, chi-square and Fisher's exact test at 95% confidence interval.

Results: In case and control groups, mean age were 32.6 ± 2.9 and 31.2 7 3.7 years, frequency of chlamydia infection 1 and 10 people (P = 0.005), history of active and inactive exposure With cigarette smoke 39.7% and 19.8% (P = 0.015), genital infections 39.1% and 16.8% (p = 0.011), recent urinary tract infections 11.4% and 9.7% (p = 0.719) and Sexually transmitted infections were 60.4% and 16.6% (p = 0.001) respectively.

Conclusion: The frequency of active and passive smoking and the history of sexually transmitted infections in women with ectopic pregnancies were higher than normal pregnancies and chlamydia trachomatis was lower than normal pregnancies. It seems that more research is needed on the possible effect of Chlamydia trachomatis infection on extra-uterus pregnancy.