The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

Comparison of Serum Levels of Leptin and Adiponectin in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes and Healthy Pregnant Women

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Ali Khosrowbeygi 1
Mojhgan Kaviani 2
Hassan Ahmadvand 1
Mahsa Nassimidoost 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran.
3 Medical Student, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Lorestan, Khorramabad, Iran.
10.22038/ijogi.2014.2309
Abstract
Introduction: Gestational diabetes is defined as a glucose intolerance of varying severity, with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. The aims of the present study were assessing the serum levels of leptin and adiponectin and the relationship between adiponectin/leptin ratio and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in gestational diabetes.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 pregnant women with gestational diabetes and 30 healthy pregnant women referred to Asalian hospital of Khramabad, Iran in 2012. Serum levels of Insulin, leptin and adiponectin were assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5, Mann-Whitney and Spearman correlation tests. P value less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Serum level of leptin was not significantly different between groups (p=0.20) but adiponectin level was significantly decreased in gestational diabetes group (p=0.01). Serum level of insulin was not significantly different between groups (p=0.42), but HOMA-IR was significantly increased in gestational diabetes groups (p=0.04). The adiponectin/leptin ratio was decreased significantly in pregnant women with gestational diabetes compared to healthy pregnant women (p=0.01).
Conclusion: The adiponectin/leptin ratio might be used as a potential biomarker for diagnosis or early recognition of insulin resistance in gestational diabetes.
Keywords
Adiponectin
Diabetes/Gestational
Leptin
  1. Higgins M, Mc Auliffe F. A review of maternal and fetal growth factors in diabetic pregnancy. Curr Diabetes Rev 2010 Mar;6(2):116-25.
  2. Sayehmiri F, Bakhtiyari S, Darvishi P, Sayehmiri K. [Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis study] [Article in Persian]. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2013;15(40):16-23.
  3. Buchanan TA, Xiang A, Kjos SL, Watanabe R. What is gestational diabetes? Diabetes Care 2007 Jul;30 Suppl 2:S105-11.
  4. Miehle K, Stepan H, Fasshauer M. Leptin, adiponectin and other adipokines in gestational diabetes mellitus and pre-eclampsia. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2012 Jan;76(1):2-11.
  5. Vrachnis N, Belitsos P, Sifakis S, Dafopoulos K, Siristatidis C, Pappa KI, et al. Role of adipokines and other inflammatory mediators in gestational diabetes mellitus and previous gestational diabetes mellitus. Int J Endocrinol 2012;2012:549748.
  6. Soheilykhah S, Mojibian M, Rahimi-Saghand S, Rashidi M, Hadinedoushan H. Maternal serum leptin concentration in gestational diabetes. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2011 Jun;50(2):149-53.
  7. López-Tinoco C, Roca M, Fernández-Deudero A, García-Valero A, Bugatto F, Aguilar-Diosdado M, et al. Cytokine profile, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk in womenwith late onset gestational diabetes mellitus. Cytokine 2012 Apr;58(1):14-9.
  8. Stein S, Stepan H, Kratzsch J, Verlohren M, Verlohren HJ, Drynda K, et al. Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 levels in gestational diabetes mellitus in relation to insulin resistance and dyslipidemia. Metabolism 2010 Jan;59(1):33-7.
  9. Horosz E, Bomba-Opon DA, Szymanska M, Wielgos M. Third trimester plasma adiponectin and leptin in gestational diabetes and normal pregnancies. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011 Sep;93(3):350-6.
  10. Mokhtari M, Hashemi M, Yaghmaei M, Naderi M, Shikhzadeh A, Ghavami S. Evaluation of the serum leptin in normal pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011 Sep;284(3):539-42.
  11. Saucedo R, Zarate A, Basurto L, Hernandez M, Puello E, Galvan R, et al. Relationship between circulating adipokines and insulin resistance during pregnancy and postpartum in women with gestational diabetes. Arch Med Res 2011 May;42(4):318-23.
  12. Skvarca A, Tomazic M, Krhin B, Blagus R, Janez A. Adipocytokines and insulin resistance across various degrees of glucose tolerance in pregnancy. J Int Med Res 2012;40(2):583-9.
  13. Hosseinnezhad A, Mirzaei K, Maghbooli Z, Rahmani M, Larijani B. Resistin, adiponectin and visfatin; can adipocytokines predict gestational diabetes mellitus and early post partum metabolic syndrome?J Diabet Metab Disor 2010;9:1-8.
  14. Matuszek B, Lenart-Lipińska M, Burska A, Paszkowski T, Smoleń A, Nowakowski A. Increased serum insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in women with gestational diabetes. Adv Med Sci 2011;56(2):200-6.
  15. Skvarca A, Tomazic M, Blagus R, Krhin B, Janez A. Adiponectin/leptin ratio and insulin resistance in pregnancy. J Int Med Res 2013 Feb;41(1):123-8.
  16. Metzger BE, Gabbe SG, Persson B, Buchanan TA, Catalano PA, Damm P, et al. International association of diabetes and pregnancy study groups recommendations on  the diagnosis and classification of hyperglycemia inpregnancy. Diabetes Care 2010 Mar;33(3):676-82.
  17. Homko CJ. New recommendations for the diagnosis of diabetes in pregnancy. Curr Diab Rep 2011 Feb;11(1):1-3.
  18. Inoue M, Maehata E, Yano M, Taniyama M, Suzuki S. Correlation between the adiponectin-leptin ratio and parameters of insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2005 Mar;54(3):281-6.
  19. Jung CH, Rhee EJ, Choi JH, Bae JC, Yoo SH, Kim WJ, et al. The relationship of adiponectin/leptin ratio with homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index and metabolic syndrome in apparently healthy korean male adults. Korean Diabetes J 2010 Aug;34(4):237-43.
  20. Zaletel J, Barlovic DP, Prezelj J. Adiponectin-leptin ratio: a useful estimate of insulin resistance in patients with Type 2 diabetes. J Endocrinol Invest 2010 Sep;33(8):514-8.
  21. Ouyang Y, Chen H, Chen H. Reduced plasma adiponectin and elevated leptin in pre-eclampsia. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2007 Aug;98(2):110-4.