The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

The effect of vaginal and perineal massage with sesame oil compared with lubricant gel on the length of the second stage of labor and perineal rupture in nulliparous women: randomized clinical trial

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Fatemeh Shushtaripour 1
Nahid Javadifar 2
Maryam Moradi 3
Mojgan Javadnoori 2
Fatemeh Amini 4
1 M.Sc. in Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur university of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Associate professor, Department of Midwifery, Reproductive Health Promotion Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ahvaz Jundishapur university of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 Ph.D. in Statistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Persian Medicine and Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
10.22038/ijogi.2022.21579
Abstract
Introduction: Prolonged labor, especially the second stage, negatively affects labor outcomes. Previous studies reported different findings for the effect of lubricants such as oils and gel on vaginal delivery process and outcomes. The Iranian Traditional Medicine recommends massage with oils such as sesame oil to facilitate birth. This study was performed aimed to evaluate the effect of vaginal and perineal massage with sesame oil in comparison with lubricant gel on the duration of the second stage of labor, perineal damage and episiotomy in nulliparous women.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed in 2020 on 180 nulliparous women in Ahvaz. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups of sesame oil, lubricant gel, and control group (60 women in each group). In the Sesame oil group, perineal and vaginal massage was performed in the second stage of labor with 5 cc of sesame oil during vaginal examination. The gel group received the same massage with lubricant gel. The control group received only routine care. The duration of the second stage of labor and the frequency of perineal laceration and episiotomy were compared in three groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 22) and covariance and chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: There were no significant differences among the three groups in terms of demographic characteristics, perineal laceration, and episiotomy (P≥0.05). The duration of the second stage of labor was significantly shorter in the sesame oil group (32.60 ± 1.78 min) than the lubricant gel group (37.50 ±1.78 min) and the control group (44.92 ±78.1 min) (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Vaginal and perineal massage with sesame oil can reduce the duration of the second stage of labor.
Keywords
Episiotomy
Lubricant gel
Perineal rupture
Second stage of labor
Sesame oil
  1. Al Mefarfesh A, Ahmed ER, Al Qahtani NH. Effect of applying extra virgin olive oil versus obstetric gel on the second stage of labor outcomes among primiparous women. J Nurs Health Sci 2015; 4:10-6.
  2. Cheng YW, Caughey AB. Second stage of labor. Clinical obstetrics and gynecology 2015; 58(2):227-40.
  3. Cheng YW, Caughey AB. Defining and managing normal and abnormal second stage of labor. Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics 2017; 44(4):547-66.
  4. Friedman EA, Cohen WR. Labor and delivery care: a practical guide: John Wiley & Sons; 2011.
  5. Schaub AF, Litschgi M, Hoesli I, Holzgreve W, Bleul U, Geissbühler V. Obstetric gel shortens second stage of labor and prevents perineal trauma in nulliparous women: a randomized controlled trial on labor facilitation. Journal of perinatal medicine 2008; 36(2):129-35.
  6. Ashwal E, Aviram A, Wertheimer A, Krispin E, Kaplan B, Hiersch L. The impact of obstetric gel on the second stage of labor and perineal integrity: a randomized controlled trial. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 2016; 29(18):3024-9.
  7. Attarha M, Vakilian K, Rouzbahani N, Bekhradi R. Effect of perineal massage with lavender essence on episiotomy and laceration. Journal of Babol University of Medical Sciences (JBUMS) 2009; 11(51):25-30.
  8. Jamshidi Manesh M, Hosseini F. The effect of perineal massage on labor second stage period perineal tear and its outcomes. journal of shahrekord university of medical sciences 2012; 14(5).
  9. Seval MM, Yüce T, Yakıştıran B, Şükür YE, Özmen B, Atabekoğlu C, et al. Effects of obstetric gel on the process and duration of labour in pregnant women: randomised controlled trial. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 2017; 37(6):714-8.
  10. Riener R, Leypold K, Brunschweiler A, Schaub A, Bleul U, Wolf P. Quantification of friction force reduction induced by obstetric gels. Medical & biological engineering & computing 2009; 47(6):617-23.
  11. Keshavarz M, Kashanian M, Bioos S, Vazani Y. Effect of prenatal recommendations of Traditional Persian Medicine on obstetric outcomes: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine 2018; 15(3).
  12. Akhtari E. Comparison of Avicennaâ s views with WHO recommendation in labor progress. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2016; 19(34):26-30.
  13. Saniei S. Treatment with medicinal plants. Tehran: Atai Publications; 2010.
  14. Nouraldini M, Mosavi-Lordejani M, Haghir-Ebrahimabadi A, Batooli H. Effect of aqueous extract of Althaea root on tracheal smooth muscle in rat. Journal of Shahrekord Uuniversity of Medical Sciences 2010; 11(4):1-8.
  15. Karimi A, Nazem F, Sazvar A. Effects of aerobic training, extract of althaea kurdica and noise stress on the anxiety-related behaviors, plasma levels of nitric oxide and serotonin in wistar male rats. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2015; 33(357):1843-50.
  16. Vakilian K, Atarha M, Bekhradi R, Chaman R. Healing advantages of lavender essential oil during episiotomy recovery: a clinical trial. Complementary therapies in clinical practice 2011; 17(1):50-3.
  17. Harlev A, Pariente G, Kessous R, Aricha-Tamir B, Weintraub AY, Eshkoli T, et al. Can we find the perfect oil to protect the perineum? A randomized-controlled double-blind trial. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 2013; 26(13):1328-31.
  18. Lighaei S, Hosseini SE. Comparing Effects of Massage and Aromatherapy with Lavender and Almond Oil on Labor Time and Pain and Serum Level of Beta-Endorphin in Primiparous Women. The Quartrely Journal of Animal Physiology and Development 2019; 12(1):81-95.
  19. Aydıner B, Kıyak H, Mete F, Ekiz A, Polat İ, Gedikbasi A. Use of obstetric gel in nulliparous pregnant women: Maternal and neonatal outcomes. Perinatal Journal 2017; 25(4):127-32.
  20. Aquino CI, Saccone G, Troisi J, Zullo F, Guida M, Berghella V. Use of lubricant gel to shorten the second stage of labor during vaginal delivery. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 2019; 32(24):4166-73.
  21. Field T. Pregnancy and labor alternative therapy research. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine 2008; 14(5):28.
  22. Attarha M. Comparison of the effect of perineal massage with lavender essential oil with just massage on Episiotomy and laceration. Complementary Medicine Journal 2011; 1(1):51-9.
  23. Piri galledar A, danesh kojori M, Jamshidi Manesh M, Hosseini F. The effect of perineal massage on labor second stage period perineal tear and its outcomes. J Shahrekord Univ Med Sci 2012; 14(5):24-33.
The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 25, Issue 10
December 2022
Pages 63-72