The effect of two different intensities of resistance training with blood flow restriction on muscle strength, body fat percentage and serum level of Irisin in overweight women

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 M.Sc. of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

2 Assistance professor, Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.

Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of overweight and obesity and its complications are rapidly increasing in the world. Therefore, new ways are needed to prevent and cure this health dilemma. This study was performed with aim to compare the effect of six weeks of resistance training along with blood flow restriction (Kaatsu) with two different intensities on body fat percentage, muscle strength, and serum level of Irisin in overweight women.
Methods: This semi-experimental study was performed in 2019 on 42 overweight women in Mashhad. The subjects were randomly assigned into three groups: resistance exercises with blood flow restriction (BFR) and intensity of 20-30% of 1repetition maximum (1RM), resistance training with BFR and intensity of 40-50% and control group. The training groups received training three sessions per week and 60-50 minutes each session for six weeks. Before and after the intervention, serum levels of Irisin, muscle strength and fat percentage were taken. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 23) and ANCOVA test. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Six weeks of resistance training along with Kaatsu with two variable intensities resulted in a significant increase in strength in the post-test (P=0.001). Changes in irisin levels and fat percentage were not significantly different between the two groups (P≤0.05).
Conclusion: Resistance training along with Kaatsu significantly decreased fat percentage at 20-30% of intensity without changes in serum level of irisin.

Keywords

References

  1. Van Gaal LF, Mertens IL, Christophe E. Mechanisms linking obesity with cardiovascular disease. Nature 2006; 444(7121):875-80.
  2. World Health Organization. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. World Health Organization; 2000.
  3. Malekzadeh R, Mohamadnejad M, Merat S, Pourshams A, Etemadi A. Obesity pandemic: an Iranian perspective. Archives of Iranian Medicine 2005; 8(1):1-7.
  4. Spiegelman BM, Korsmeyer SJ. Irisin and the therapeutic benefits of exercise. InBMC proceedings 2012; 6(3):1-1.
  5. Choi YK, Kim MK, Bae KH, Seo HA, Jeong JY, Lee WK, et al. Serum irisin levels in new-onset type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2013; 100(1):96-101.
  6. Pekkala S, Wiklund PK, Hulmi JJ, Ahtiainen JP, Horttanainen M, Pöllänen E, et al. Are skeletal muscle FNDC5 gene expression and irisin release regulated by exercise and related to health? J Physiol 2013; 591(21):5393-400.
  7. Blair SN, LaMonte MJ, Nichaman MZ. The evolution of physical activity recommendations: how much is enough? Am J Clin Nutr 2004; 79(5):913S-920S.
  8. Pitsavos C, Panagiotakos DB, Tambalis KD, Chrysohoou C, Sidossis LS, Skoumas J, et al. Resistance exercise plus to aerobic activities is associated with better lipids’ profile among healthy individuals: the ATTICA study. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine 2009; 102(9):609-16.
  9. Miyachi M, Kawano H, Sugawara J, Takahashi K, Hayashi K, Yamazaki K, et al. Unfavorable effects of resistance training on central arterial compliance: a randomized intervention study. Circulation 2004; 110(18):2858-63.
  10. Takarada Y, Sato Y, Ishii N. Effects of resistance exercise combined with vascular occlusion on muscle function in athletes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2002; 86(4):308-14.
  11. Pinto A, Di Raimondo D, Tuttolomondo A, Buttà C, Milio G, Licata G. Effects of physical exercise on inflammatory markers of atherosclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2012; 18(28):4326-49.
  12. Dunstan D. Diabetes: exercise and T2DM-move muscles more often! Nat Rev Endocrinol 2011; 7(4):189-90.
  13. Seale P, Conroe HM, Estall J, Kajimura S, Frontini A, Ishibashi J, et al. Prdm16 determines the thermogenic program of subcutaneous white adipose tissue in mice. J Clin Invest 2011; 121(1):96-105.
  14. van Marken Lichtenbelt WD, Vanhommerig JW, Smulders NM, Drossaerts JM, Kemerink GJ, Bouvy ND, et al. Cold-activated brown adipose tissue in healthy men. N Engl J Med 2009; 360(15):1500-8.
  15. Aydin S, Aydin S, Kuloglu T, Yilmaz M, Kalayci M, Sahin I, et al. Alterations of irisin concentrations in saliva and serum of obese and normal-weight subjects, before and after 45 min of a Turkish bath or running. Peptides 2013; 50:13-8.
  16. Reisi J, Rajabi H, Ghaedi K, Marandi SM, Dehkhoda MR. Effect of Acute Resistance Training on Plasma Irisin Protein Level and Expression of Muscle FNDC5 and Adipose Tissue UCP1 Genes in Male Rats. Journal of Isfahan Medical School 2013; 31(256).
  17. Tsuchiya Y, Ando D, Goto K, Kiuchi M, Yamakita M, Koyama K. High-intensity exercise causes greater irisin response compared with low-intensity exercise under similar energy consumption. Tohoku J Exp Med 2014; 233(2):135-40.
  18. Kurdiova T, Balaz M, Vician M, Maderova D, Vlcek M, Valkovic L, et al. Effects of obesity, diabetes and exercise on Fndc5 gene expression and irisin release in human skeletal muscle and adipose tissue: in vivo and in vitro studies. J Physiol 2014; 592(5):1091-107.
  19. Loenneke J, Wilson G, Wilson J. A mechanistic approach to blood flow occlusion. International journal of sports medicine. 2010;31 (01) :1-4.
  20. Huh JY, Panagiotou G, Mougios V, Brinkoetter M, Vamvini MT, Schneider BE, et al. FNDC5 and irisin in humans: I. Predictors of circulating concentrations in serum and plasma and II. mRNA expression and circulating concentrations in response to weight loss and exercise. Metabolism 2012; 61(12):1725-38.
  21. Khodadadi H, Rajabi H, Seyyed Reza Attarzadeh SR, Abbasian S. The effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and pilates on levels of irisin and insulin resistance in overweight women. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism 2014; 16(3):190-6.
  22. Sumide T, Sakuraba K, Sawaki K, Ohmura H, Tamura Y. Effect of resistance exercise training combined with relatively low vascular occlusion. J Sci Med Sport 2009; 12(1):107-12.
  23. Kabak B, Belviranli M, Okudan N. Irisin and myostatin responses to acute high-intensity interval exercise in humans. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2018; 35(3).
  24. Reeves GV, Kraemer RR, Hollander DB, Clavier J, Thomas C, Francois M, et al. Comparison of hormone responses following light resistance exercise with partial vascular occlusion and moderately difficult resistance exercise without occlusion. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2006; 101(6):1616-22.
  25. Khajehlandi M, Janbozorgi M. Effect of one session of resistance training with and without blood flow restriction on serum levels of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase in female athletes. Journal of Clinical and Basic Research 2018; 2(2):5-10.
  26. Madarame H, Sasaki K, Ishii N. Endocrine responses to upper- and lower-limb resistance exercises with blood flow restriction. Acta Physiol Hung 2010; 97(2):192-200.
  27. Boström P, Wu J, Jedrychowski MP, Korde A, Ye L, Lo JC, et al. A PGC1-α-dependent myokine that drives brown-fat-like development of white fat and thermogenesis. Nature 2012; 481(7382):463-8.
  28. Loenneke JP, Pujol TJ. The use of occlusion training to produce muscle hypertrophy. Strength & Conditioning Journal. 2009;31 (3) :77-84
  29. Esmaeili M, Bijeh N, Ghahremani Moghadam M. Effect of combined aerobic and resistance training on aerobic fitness, strength, beta-endorphin, blood glucose level, and insulin resistance in women with type II diabetes mellitus. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2018; 21(6):34-46.
  30. Kari F, Bizheh N, Ghahremani Moghaddam M. Interactive effect of melatonin and combined training on some components of physical fitness and serum levels of malondialdhyde in postmenopausal women with type 2. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2019; 22(9):25-35.
  31. Zhang Y, Li R, Meng Y, Li S, Donelan W, Zhao Y, et al. Irisin stimulates browning of white adipocytes through mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 MAP kinase and ERK MAP kinase signaling. Diabetes 2014; 63(2):514-25.
  32. Wrann CD, White JP, Salogiannnis J, Laznik-Bogoslavski D, Wu J, Ma D, et al. Exercise induces hippocampal BDNF through a PGC-1α/FNDC5 pathway. Cell Metab 2013; 18(5):649-59.
  33. Daskalopoulou SS, Cooke AB, Gomez YH, Mutter AF, Filippaios A, Mesfum ET, et al. Plasma irisin levels progressively increase in response to increasing exercise workloads in young, healthy, active subjects. Eur J Endocrinol 2014; 171(3):343-52.
The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 24, Issue 3
May 2021
Pages 42-50

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics