ارتباط برخی از خصوصیات جمعیت شناختی مادر در دوران بارداری با کم‌وزنی بدو تولد در ایران: یک مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک و فراتحلیل

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد اپیدمیولوژی، گروه اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه آمار زیستی، مرکز تحقیقات پیشگیری از آسیب‌های روانی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

3 استاد گروه اپیدمیولوژی بالینی، دانشکده پزشکی،‌ دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: کم‌وزنی بدو تولد نوزادان یکی از جدی‌ترین مسائل و مشکلات بهداشتی بسیاری از جوامع به خصوص جوامع در حال توسعه و دومین عامل مرگ‌و‌میر نوزادان است که تحت تأثیر عوامل خطر متعددی به خصوص در دوران بارداری قرار دارد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین ارتباط عوامل مادری و نوزادی طی بارداری با کم‌وزنی بدو تولد به صورت فراتحلیل در ایران انجام شد.
روش‌‌کار: در این مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک و فراتحلیل طی جستجو در بانک‌های اطلاعاتی SID،Medlib ،Irandoc ، Magiran، Scopus، Google scholar،Pubmed  و  ISIو با استفاده از واژگان ‌کلیدی کم وزنی بدو تولد، نوع زایمان، افزایش وزن دوران بارداری، شاخص توده‌بدنی، Birth order و ترکیبات آن‌ها، تمام مقالات مرتبط بین سال‌های 1375 تا 1395 استخراج شدند. نتایج مطالعات با استفاده از نرم‌افزار STATA (نسخه 2/11) و SPSS (نسخه 16) با هم ترکیب شدند.
یافته‌ها: تعداد ۲2 مقاله با حجم نمونه 34591 نفر وارد مطالعه شدند. وزن‌گیری مادر در دوران بارداری (13/3:OR، 32/8-18/1: 95% CI)، شاخص توده‌بدنی مادر (19/2:OR، 46/3-33/1: 95% CI)، فاصله بین بارداری (13/2:OR، 75/2-65/1: 95% CI) و رتبه تولد (3/1:OR، 49/1-14/1: 95% CI)ارتباط آماری معنی‌داری با کم وزنی بدو تولد داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: وزن‌‌‌گیری نا‌مناسب مادر طی بارداری، شاخص توده بدنی زیر 18 در مادر، فاصله تولد کمتر از 2 سال و رتبه تولد نوزاد کمتر از 3 باعث افزایش تولد نوزاد کم‌وزن می‌شود. با توجه به اینکه این عوامل خطر قابل تعدیل می‌باشند، لذا توصیه می‌شود با ارائه دستورالعمل‌های مناسب توسط مسئولین ذیربط تولد نوزاد کم‌وزن را در کشور کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The relationship between some demographic characteristics of the mother during pregnancy with low birth weight in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Arezoo Karimi 1
  • Salman Daliri 1
  • Koorosh Sayeh Miri 2
  • Ali Delpisheh 3
1 M.Sc. in Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Social-Mental Injuries Prevention Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Ilam, Ilam, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Low birth weight of infants is one of the most serious health problems in many communities, especially in developing countries and is the second cause of infants' mortality which is affected by several risk factors, especially during pregnancy. This study was performed with aim to assess the relationship between maternal and neonatal factors during pregnancy and low birth weightas meta-analysis in Iran.
Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis study, by searching in databases of SID, Medlib, Irandoc, Google scholar, Pubmed, ISI, Iranmedex, Scopus and Magiran, using the keywords of low birth weight, mode of delivery, pregnancy weight gain, BMI, birth order and their compounds, all related articles from 1996 to 2016 were extracted. The results of studies were combined using the STATA software (version 11.2) and SPSS software (version 16).
Results: A total of 22 articles with sample size of 34591 cases were entered to the study. Mother’s weight gain during pregnancy (OR: 3.13, CI 95%:1.18 – 8.32), Maternal BMI (OR: 2.19, CI95%: 1.33 – 3.46), pregnancy interval (OR: 2.13, CI95%: 1.65 – 2.75), and birth order (OR: 1.3, CI95%: 1.14 – 1.49) had statistically significant association with low birth weight.
Conclusion: Improper weight gain of mother during pregnancy, maternal body mass index < 18, birth interval of less than 2 years and the birth order < 3 will increase the LBW infant. Since these risk factors are modifiable, thus it is recommended to provide appropriate instructions by the relevant authorities and reduce the birth of LBW infants in the country.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iran
  • Maternal and neonatal factors
  • Meta-analysis
  • Low birth weight

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 19، شماره 40
ویژه نامه
اسفند 1395
صفحه 79-90

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