بررسی عوارض مادری، جنینی و نوزادی بر اساس شاخص توده بدنی در زنان مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی-درمانی منتخب شیراز در سال 1388

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی رازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: بی شک چاقی خطری برای مادر باردار و جنین وی محسوب می شود. چاقی مادر یکی از مهم ترین خطرات مرتبط با مرگ و میر مادر و جنین می باشد که با طیف وسیعی از مشکلات طبی همراه است. هدف از این تحقیق، تعیین شیوع عوارض مادری، جنینی و نوزادی در زنان مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی منتخب شیراز است.
روش کار: این مطالعه توصیفی بر روی 890 زن زایمان کرده که در بیمارستان های زینبیه و حافظ شیراز بستری بودند، انجام شد. افراد بر اساس شاخص توده بدنی قبل از بارداری به دو گروه تقسیم شدند، گروه اول با وزن طبیعی (شاخص توده بدنی 25-8/19) و گروه دوم دارای وزن غیر طبیعی بودند (شاخص توده بدنی بیش از 25). افراد از جهت متغیرهایی نظیر سن، تعداد بارداری ها، مشکلات دوران بارداری، زایمان و عوارض نوزادی مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.
 
یافته ها: میانگین سن افراد 39/5 9/26 سال بود. 608 نفر (3/68%) دارای شاخص توده بدنی طبیعی و 282 نفر (7/31%) دارای شاخص توده بدنی غیر طبیعی بودند. بیشترین مشکل دوران بارداری کمر درد بود (4/25%). شیوع کمر درد، قند خون بالا، فشار خون بالا، القای زایمان، خونریزی بعد از زایمان و عفونت بعد از زایمان، مدت بستری در بیمارستان، آپنه نوزادی و سزارین در گروه دارای وزن غیر طبیعی بیشتر از گروه دارای وزن طبیعی بود که اختلاف این متغیرها بین دو گروه معنی دار بود (05/0>p). بیشترین نسبت شانس مربوط به عفونت بعد از زایمان بود که احتمال ایجاد عفونت بعد از زایمان در افراد دارای وزن غیر طبیعی (378-5/85) 8/179 برابر افراد دارای وزن طبیعی بود.
 
نتیجه گیری: چاقی ریسک فاکتور مهمی در زنان باردار است که با نتایج نامطلوب مادری، جنینی و نوزادی همراه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Complications according to Body Mass Index in Women Referred to Shiraz Health Choice Centers, 2009

نویسندگان [English]

  • Firoozeh Mirzayi 1
  • Marziyeh Akbarzadeh 2
  • Moghadameh Mirzayi 3
1 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
3 PhD. Student of Vital Statistics, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor for pregnant women and fetus, undoubtedly. Maternal obesity is one of the important risk factors related to maternal and fetal mortality followed with extensive range of medical complications.
The purpose of this study was the evaluation of maternal, fetal and neonatal complications according to BMI in women referred to Shiraz health choice centers.
Methods: This descriptive study was done on 860 delivered women admitted in post partum ward of Hafez and Zeinabieh hospitals in Shiraz. Women were divided in 2 groups according to preconception of BMI: Group 1 with normal weight (19.8< BMI≤25), and group 2 with abnormal weight (BMI>25). Participants were studied for age, parity, pregnancy complications, parturition and neonatal complications.
 
Results: Mean age was 26.9±5.39 yrs. 68.3% (608) of women had normal BMI and 31.7% (282) had abnormal BMI. The most common complication during pregnancy was back pain 25.4% (226). The prevalence of back pain, high blood sugar, hypertension, induced labor, post partum hemorrhage, post partum infection, duration of hospitalization , cesarean section and neonatal apnea were higher in abnormal weight group than normal weight group which the difference of variables was significant between two groups (p<0.05). The most odds ratio was post partum infection which the possibility of post partum infection in abnormal weight group was 179.8 times in compare to the normal weight group (95% CI: 85.5-378).
 
Conclusion: Obesity is an important risk factor in pregnant women followed with adverse maternal, neonatal and fetal outcomes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fetal complications
  • Maternal Complications
  • Neonatal complications
  • Obesity
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