بررسی اثر مواد مخدر بر پیامدهای بارداری و زایمان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 دستیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

10.22038/ijogi.2025.86777.6382

چکیده

مقدمه: با توجه به اینکه در مورد ارتباط مصرف مواد مخدر در زنان باردار با عوارض بارداری و نوزادی در آن­ها نتایج متناقضی گزارش شده است، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر مواد مخدر در ایجاد عوارض دوران بارداری و زایمان انجام گرفت.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه­ مورد- شاهدی در سال 1403 بر روی 260 زن باردار مراجعه­ کننده به بیمارستان امام حسین (ع) تهران انجام شد. اطلاعات دموگرافیک و پیامدهای بارداری، زایمان و نوزادی (زایمان زودرس، اعداد آپگار و محدودیت رشد درون رحم) بین زنان با و بدون سابقه مصرف مخدر مقایسه شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم ­افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 26) و آزمون­ های من­ ویتنی، کای اسکوئر و دقیق فیشر انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی­ دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ­ها: در مجموع 48 نفر (5/18%) دارای سابقه مصرف مواد مخدر بودند. در زنان دارای سابقه مصرف مواد مخدر نسبت به گروه دیگر، شیوع IUFD (2/4% در مقابل 5/0%؛ 030/0=p)، محدودیت رشد درون رحم (5/6% در مقابل 5/0%؛ 019/0=p)، پارگی زودرس کیسه آمنیوتیک (9/10% در مقابل 9/0%؛ 001/0>p)، شیوع زایمان سزارین (2/79% در مقابل 3/36%؛ 001/0>p)، زایمان زودرس (6/32% در مقابل 3/3%؛ 001/0>p) و دفع مکونیوم (4/17% در مقابل 9/0%؛ 001/0>p) بالاتر و اعداد آپگار دقایق اول (93/0±37/8 در مقابل 60/0±71/9؛ 001/0>p) و پنجم (81/0±72/8 در مقابل 19/0±96/9؛ 001/0>p) با تفاوت معنی­ داری پایین ­تر بود.
نتیجه­ گیری: مصرف مواد مخدر در بارداری، با پیامدهای بارداری، زایمان و نوزادی همراه بوده و بایستی این زنان باردار، تحت نظارت بیش­تری قرار گیرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Narcotics on the Consequences of Pregnancy and Childbirth

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shideh Ariana 1
  • Soughi Safavi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Resident, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Since the conflicting findings have been reported regarding the association between substance use in pregnant women and maternal and neonatal complications, this study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of substance use on the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth.
Methods: This case- control study was conducted in 2024 on 260 pregnant women referred to Imam Hossein Hospital in Tehran. Demographic data and pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes (preterm delivery, Apgar scores, intrauterine growth restriction) were compared between women with and without a history of substance use. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 26) and Mann-Whitney U, Chi-square, and Fisher's exact tests. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Overall, 48 individuals (18.5%) had a history of substance use. Among women with a history of substance use compared to the other group, there was higher prevalence of IUFD (4.2% vs. 0.5%, p=0.030), intrauterine growth restriction (6.5% vs. 0.5%, p=0.019), premature rupture of membranes (10.9% vs. 0.9%, p<0.001), cesarean delivery (79.2% vs. 36.3%, p<0.001), preterm delivery (32.6% vs. 3.3%, p<0.001), and meconium staining (17.4% vs. 0.9%, p<0.001). Additionally, the one-minute (8.37 ± 0.93 vs. 9.71 ± 0.60, p<0.001) and five-minute (8.72 ± 0.81 vs. 9.96 ± 0.19, p<0.001) Apgar scores were significantly lower in the substance use group.
Conclusion: Substance use during pregnancy was associated with adverse pregnancy, delivery, and neonatal outcomes. These women should be closely monitored.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Delivery
  • Neonate
  • Pregnancy Outcomes
  • Substance Use

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 28، شماره 9
آذر 1404
صفحه 46-55

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