فراوانی عوامل خطر و عود زگیل تناسلی در زنان واکسینه و غیرواکسینه مراجعه کننده به کلینیک شهید مفتح شهر یاسوج

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زنان و زایمان، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران.

10.22038/ijogi.2025.85517.6335

چکیده

مقدمه: ابتلاء به زگیل تناسلی در زمره شایع‌ترین بیماری‌های آمیزشی است. مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین فراوانی عوامل خطر و عود این بیماری در زنان واکسینه و غیر واکسینه انجام شد.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه تحلیلی از بین زنان مبتلا به زگیل تناسلی مراجعه کننده به درمانگاه زنان کلینیک شهید مفتح شهر یاسوج از سال 1402-1399 با روش نمونه‌گیری آسان، 138 نفر انتخاب شدند. عوامل خطر بیماری با مصاحبه جمع‌آوری و توسط پزشک متخصص زنان، معاینات لازم انجام و چک‌لیست مربوطه تکمیل شد. بیماران توصیه به تزریق واکسن گارداسیل شدند و از نظر دریافت واکسن و عود، مورد پیگیری قرار گرفتند. شرکت‌کنندگان بر اساس دریافت واکسن به دو گروه واکسینه و غیر واکسینه تقسیم شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 26) و آزمون کای دو انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته ­ها: بیشتر مبتلایان (1/47%) در گروه سنی 35-26 سال، متأهل (8/84%) و با تحصیلات دانشگاهی (1/47%) بودند. عوامل خطر ابتلا به زگیل تناسلی شامل: سن ازدواج 29-20 سال (61%)، ازدواج بیش از یک‌بار (8/9%)، اپیلاسیون ناحیه تناسلی (63%)، مصرف دخانیات (5/27%)، ابتلاء به سایر عفونت­های ناحیه تناسلی (4/67%)، پیشگیری از بارداری طبیعی (1/66%) و ابتلاء همسر به زگیل تناسلی (39%) بود. عود زگیل تناسلی در کل مبتلایان 23 نفر (7/16%) بود و میزان عود در گروه واکسینه (6/11%) کمتر از گروه غیر واکسینه (7/21%) بود (11/0=p).
نتیجه ­گیری: روش پیشگیری از بارداری غیرمحافظتی (06/0=p)، سن ازدواج نسبتاً پایین (64/0=p)، ابتلاء به سایر عفونت ­های تناسلی (85/0=p) و سابقه اپیلاسیون ناحیه تناسلی (37/0=p) بیشترین عوامل خطر بودند. دریافت واکسن، فراوانی عود را تقریباً به نصف کاهش داد، اگرچه این کاهش از نظر آماری معنی‌دار نبود (11/0=p).

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Frequency of Genital Wart Risk Factors and Recurrence in Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Women Referring to Shahid Mofatteh Clinic in Yasuj

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parvin Ghaffari 1
  • Mitra Safari 2
  • Fatemeh Momeni-Asl 3
1 Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
3 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Genital warts are among the most common sexually transmitted infections. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency of risk factors and recurrence of this disease in vaccinated and unvaccinated women.
Methods: In this analytical study, 138 women with genital warts who referred to the Gynecological Clinic of Shahid Mofatteh Clinic in Yasuj from 2020 to 2023 were selected using a convenient sampling method. Disease risk factors were collected through interviews, and the necessary examinations were performed by a gynecologist and the relevant checklist was completed. Patients were advised to receive the Gardasil vaccine and were followed up for vaccine administration and recurrence. Participants were divided into two groups: vaccinated and unvaccinated, based on whether they received the vaccine. The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 26) and Chi-square test. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Most of participants (47.1%) were in age group of 26-35 years, married (84.8%), and had university education (47.1%). Risk factors for genital warts include: marriage age of 20-29 years (61%), multiple marriage (9.8%), genital waxing (63%), smoking (27.5%), other genital infections (67.4%), withdrawal contraception method (66.1%), and spouse genital warts infection (39%). The overall recurrence genital warts rate was 23 cases (16.7%) and the recurrence rate was lower in the vaccinated group (11.6%) than unvaccinated group (21.7%) (p=0.11).
Conclusion: The use of unprotected contraceptive methods (p=0.06), relatively young age at marriage (p=0.64), other genital infections (p=0.85), and genital waxing (p=0.37) were the most risk factors. Receiving vaccine decreased the recurrence frequency by almost half, although this reduction was not statistically significant (p=0.11).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Genital Wart
  • Papillomavirus Vaccines
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 28، شماره 6
شهریور 1404
صفحه 15-26

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