شیوع توکسوپلاسماگوندی در زنان باردار ایران: مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی علوم آزمایشگاهی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پیراپزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

2 استادیار اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جهرم، جهرم، ایران.

10.22038/ijogi.2025.76559.5934

چکیده

مقدمه: انگل توکسوپلاسما گوندی، یک تک‌یاخته‌ درون‌سلولی اجباری و مشترک بین انسان و حیوان می­باشد و تأثیرات بسیار زیادی بر روی زنان باردار دارد. مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز حاضر با هدف تعیین شیوع توکسوپلاسماگوندی در زنان باردار ایران انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز با بررسی پایگاه‌هایScientific Information Database (SID)، (PubMed)Medline ، Science Direct و Google Scholar بدون محدودیت زمانی و تا آبان ماه 1402 انجام شد. کلید واژه­ های مورد استفاده در این مطالعه به زبان انگلیسی و فارسی شامل توکسوپلاسما گوندی، زنان باردار و عفونت انگلی بود. اطلاعات استخراج شده از مطالعات وارد نرم‌افزار CMA (ورژن 2) شده، ناهمگونی مطالعات توسط آزمون I2 و تورش انتشار در مطالعات نیز توسط آزمون همبستگی بگ در سطح معناداری 1/0 و فانل پلات مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. همچنین عوامل مؤثر در ایجاد ناهمگونی توسط آزمون متارگرسیون بررسی گردید.
یافته ­ها: در بررسی 37 مطالعه با حجم نمونه 19784 زن باردار، شیوع توکسوپلاسماگوندی در زنان باردار ایران 1/41% (9/47-6/34% 95% CI) گزارش شد. در بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر ناهمگونی مطالعات و بررسی تأثیر حجم نمونه بر این ناهمگونی، گزارش شد که با افزایش حجم نمونه، شیوع توکسوپلاسما گوندی در زنان باردار ایران افزایش (05/0p<) و همچنین با افزایش سال انجام مطالعات، شیوع توکسوپلاسما گوندی در زنان باردار ایران کاهش پیدا می­ کند (05/0p<).
نتیجه ­گیری: شیوع توکسوپلاسما گوندی در زنان باردار ایران در سطح بالایی قرار دارد و لازم است به منظور افزایش آگاهی زنان قبل از بارداری و همچنین زنان باردار در هنگام بارداری، آموزش ­های بهداشتی لازم توسط مراکز بهداشتی انجام و اقدامات غربالگری مشخص و هدفمند برای تعیین زنان باردار مبتلا و کاهش تأثیرات آن بر نوزادان انجام شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in Iranian pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sahel Eskandari 1
  • Masoud Mohammadi 2
1 Laboratory Science Student, Student Research Committee, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Toxoplasma gondii parasite is an obligate intracellular protozoan shared between humans and animals and has many effects on pregnant women. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted with aim to determine the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women in Iran.
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted by checking Scientific Information Database (SID), Medline (PubMed), ScienceDirect and Google Scholar without time limit and until November 2023. The keywords used in this study were in English and Persian included toxoplasma gondii, pregnant women, and parasitic infection. The information extracted from the studies was entered into the Comprehensive Meta-analysis (CMA, Version 2) software. The heterogeneity of the studies was analyzed by the I2 test and the distribution bias in the studies was also analyzed by the correlation test at a significance level of 0.1 and funnel plot. Also, the effective factors in creating heterogeneity were investigated by meta-regression test.
Results: In a review of 37 studies with a sample size of 19,784 pregnant women, the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in Iranian pregnant women was reported as 41.1% (95% CI 34.6-47.9). In the review of the factors affecting the heterogeneity of the studies and the review of the effect of the sample size on this heterogeneity, it was reported that with the increase of sample size, the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in Iranian pregnant women increases (p<0.05); also with the increase of the year of conducting studies, the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in Iranian pregnant women decreases (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The prevalence of toxoplasma gondii in pregnant women in Iran is at a high level and it is necessary to increase the awareness of women before pregnancy as well as pregnant women during pregnancy, and carry out the necessary health education in health centers and specific and targeted screening measures for determination of infected pregnant women and reduction of its effects on infants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Parasitic infection
  • Pregnant women
  • Systematic review
  • Toxoplasma gondii

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 27، شماره 11
بهمن 1403
صفحه 74-87

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