بررسی رابطه حمایت اجتماعی با اضطراب ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در زنان باردار

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه پرستاری بهداشت جامعه، مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، انستیتو سبک زندگی، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه‌الله (عج)، تهران، ایران.

2 دکتری تخصصی بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اهواز، اهواز، ایران.

3 دکتری تخصصی بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد بجنورد، بجنورد، ایران.

4 استادیار گروه داخلی جراحی، مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری، مؤسسه سبک زندگی، دانشکده پرستاری، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بقیه‌الله (عج)، تهران، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: بارداری خود واقعه‌ای استرس‌زا است که در شرایط کنونی، شیوع بیماری کووید-19 ممکن است آن را متأثر سازد. توجه به عواملی که اضطراب ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 را در زنان باردار بکاهند، ضروری به‌نظر می‌رسد، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف تعیین رابطه حمایت اجتماعی با اضطراب ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در زنان باردار انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مقطعی از نوع همبستگی در سال 1399 بر روی 200 نفر از زنان باردار انجام شد. ابزارهای نمونه‌گیری شامل چک‌لیست اطلاعات دموگرافیک و مامایی، پرسشنامه حمایت اجتماعی مقیاس خانواده pss-fa و پرسشنامه اضطراب زنان باردار ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 بودند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 16) و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون، آزمون‌ تی مستقل، آنووا و رگرسیون خطی تک‌متغیره انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنادار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: میزان اضطراب ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 در زیرگروه‌های حمایت اجتماعی ضعیف و متوسط و قوی تفاوت معناداری داشت (001/0>p). بر اساس نتایج آزمون همبستگی، بین میزان اضطراب ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 و میزان حمایت اجتماعی دریافت شده در زنان باردار ارتباط معکوس و معناداری وجود داشت (ضریب همبستگی پیرسون برابر با 211/0- و 003/0=p)؛ بدین‌معنا که با افزایش میزان حمایت اجتماعی از جانب خانواده، میزان اضطراب در زنان باردار ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 کاهش معناداری می‌یافت.
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به ارتباط معکوس بین میزان اضطراب ناشی از همه‌گیری کووید-19 و میزان حمایت اجتماعی دریافت شده در زنان باردار، به‌نظر می‌رسد وجود تمهیدات حمایتی از طرف خانواده و اطرافیان در زمان همه‌گیری کرونا ویروس ضروری باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relationship between Social Support and Anxiety caused by COVID-19 in Pregnant Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Karimi 1
  • Somayeh Makvandi 2
  • Mitra Mahdavian 3
  • Robabe Khalili 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Community Health Nursing, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, School of Nursing, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran.
2 PhD of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz branch, Ahvaz, Iran.
3 PhD of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Bojnourd branch, Bojnourd, Iran.
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Internal Surgery, Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Lifestyle Institute, School of Nursing, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Pregnancy itself is a stressful event that can be affected by the current outbreak of COVID-19. It is important to pay attention to the factors that reduce the anxiety caused by COVID-19 epidemics in pregnant women. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to determine the relationship between social support and anxiety caused by the epidemic of COVID-19 in pregnant women.
Methods: This cross-sectional, correlational study was performed on 200 pregnant women in 2020. Sampling tools included a demographic and midwifery information questionnaire, Perceived Social Support-Family questionnaire (pss-fa), and a questionnaire for anxiety in Pregnant Women caused by COVID-19 epidemic. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA and independent t-test, and single-variable linear regression. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of anxiety caused by COVID-19 epidemics was significantly different in the weak, moderate, and strong social support subgroups (P<0.001). The results of correlation test showed significant inverse relationship between anxiety caused by COVID-19 and the level of social support received by pregnant women (Pearson correlation coefficient=-0.211, p=0.003); this means that increasing the level of social support from the family reduces the level of anxiety caused by COVID-19 epidemics in pregnant women.
Conclusion: Considering the inverse relationship between the rate of anxiety caused by COVID-19 epidemic and the level of social support received by pregnant women, it seems that supportive measures by the family and those around them are essential.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anxiety
  • COVID -19
  • Pregnancy
  • Social Support

مراجع

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 23، شماره 10
دی 1399
صفحه 9-17

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