بررسی ارتباط گروه خونی و RH زوجین با بروز سقط در زنان سنین باروری: یک مطالعه مورد- شاهدی

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

2 مربی گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

3 کارشناس مراقب سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد، گناباد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سقط، از عوارض شایع بارداری است. شناخت عوامل مؤثر بر سقط، نقش مهمی در پیشگیری و بهبود پیامدهای بارداری ایفا می‌کند. از آن‌جایی‌که ارتباط گروه خونی والدین و RH در بروز سقط جنین قابل بحث است، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی رابطه بین گروه‌های خونی والدین و سقط در مادران باردار شهر گناباد انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه مورد شاهدی در سال 1398 بر روی 450 نفر از زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به کلینیک‌های سونوگرافی شهر گناباد، در دو گروه سقط و بارداری سالم کمتر از 20 هفته انجام شد. گروه‌های خونی افراد مورد مطالعه و همسرانشان مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. ابزار مورد استفاده شامل چک‌لیست اطلاعات فردی و مامایی و استفاده از روش cell type (روش لوله‌ای) جهت تعیین گروه خون افراد بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 20) و آزمون‌های کای دو، تی مستقل، آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه و رگرسیون لجستیک انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس یافته‌ها، شایع‌ترین گروه خونی در کل زنان O (گروه مورد 30% و گروه شاهد 33/63%) و شایع‌ترین گروه خونی در همسرانشان (گروه مورد 33/21% و گروه شاهد 33/32%) بود. گروه خونی AB کمترین گروه خونی در مادران (گروه مورد 14% و گروه شاهد 66/32%) و پدران (گروه مورد 14% و گروه شاهد 16%) بود. خطر سقط خودبه‌خودی جنین در زنان با گروه خونی A بیشتر از سایر گروه‌های خونی ABO بود (05/0p<). شایع‌ترین Rh گروه خونی زنان، Rh مثبت بود که میزان آن در مادران گروه مورد 3/77% و در مادران گروه شاهد 33/82%) بود. همچنین شایع‌ترین Rh گروه خونی پدران Rh مثبت بود که میزان آن در پدران گروه مورد 88% و در پدران گروه شاهد 6%) بود. ارتباطی بین سقط و RH والدین یافت نشد. ناسازگاری خونی ABO بین والدین با خطر سقط خودبه‌خودی جنین ارتباط داشت (001/0>p).
نتیجه‌گیری: ناسازگاری خونی ABO بین والدین با خطر سقط خودبه‌خودی جنین ارتباط دارد. خطر سقط خودبه‌خودی جنین در زنان با گروه خونی A بیشتر از سایر گروه‌های خونی ABO است. RH والدین با سقط در ارتباط نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Relation between Couples' Blood Group and RH with Abortions in women of reproductive age: A Case-Control Study

نویسندگان [English]

  • Roghayeh Rahmani 1
  • Fatemeh Yaghoobi Moghadam 2
  • mohadeseh Rasooli 3
  • Zohreh Heydarian Node 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
2 Instructor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
3 B.Sc. in Health Care, School of Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Abortion is a common complication of pregnancy. Understanding the factors affecting abortion plays an important role in preventing and improving pregnancy outcomes. Since the relationship between parents' blood group and RH in the incidence of abortion is controversial, this study was performed with aim to investigate the relationship between parents' blood group and abortion in pregnant mothers in Gonabad.
Methods: This case-control study was performed in 2019 on 450 pregnant women referring to the sonography clinics of Gonabad in two groups of abortion and healthy pregnancy less than 20 weeks. Blood groups of the subjects and their spouses were evaluated. The tools included a checklist of personal and midwifery information and the use of cell type method (tube method) to determine the blood group of individuals. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistical software (version 20) and Chi-square, independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and logistic regression. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: According to the findings, the most common blood type in all women was O (case group 30% and control group 63.33%) and the most common blood type in their husbands (case group 21.33% and control group 32.33%). Blood group AB was the lowest blood group in mothers (case group 14% and control group 32.66%) and fathers (case group 14% and control group 16%) The risk of spontaneous abortion was higher in women with blood type A than other ABO blood groups (p <0.05). The most common Rh blood group in women was Rh positive (77.3% in mothers in the case group and 82.33% in the control group). Also, the most common Rh blood group in fathers was Rh-positive (88% in the fathers of the case group and 6% in the control group). No association was found between abortion and parental RH. ABO blood incompatibility between parents was associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion (p <0.001).
Conclusion: ABO blood incompatibility between parents is associated with the risk of spontaneous abortion. The risk of spontaneous abortion in women with blood group A is higher than in other ABO blood groups. Parental RH is not associated with abortion.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abortion
  • ABO Blood Group System
  • Pregnancy
  • RH Blood Group System
  • Women

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 23، شماره 9
آذر 1399
صفحه 17-26

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