بررسی میزان ابتلاء به عفونت محل زخم جراحی بعد از سزارین و عوامل مرتبط با آن در زنان مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان های سطح شهر تبریز

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مهاباد، مهاباد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه بیماری های عفونی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: سزارین، شایع‌ترین عمل جراحی در حیطه زنان و زایمان است. ابتلاء به عفونت محل زخم جراحی پس از آن عوارض جبران‌ناپذیری به همراه دارد. عدم اطلاع از شیوع آن مانع اتخاذ تصمیمات پیشگیری‌کننده در سیاست‌های کلی نظام بهداشتی شده است؛ از این رو مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی میزان ابتلاء به عفونت محل زخم جراحی بعد از سزارین و عوامل مرتبط با آن در زنان مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان‌های سطح شهر تبریز انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه توصیفی مقطعی از پاییز سال 1397 تا پاییز 1398 بر روی 315 زن کاندید سزارین در بیمارستان‌های دولتی و خصوصی شهر تبریز انجام شد. علائم عفونت محل زخم جراحی در پرسشنامه بررسی عفونت پس از سزارین ثبت شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 20) و آزمون‌های کای اسکوئر، تی مستقل و رگرسیون لوجستیک انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنادار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه 79 نفر (08/25%) از شرکت‌کنندگان علائم در محل زخم جراحی، عفونت را داشتند. در بررسی ریسک فاکتورهای اختصاصی و مؤثر بر عفونت محل زخم جراحی، متغیرهایی همچون سن بارداری (041/0=p)، تعداد بارداری (019/0=p)، تعداد سزارین قبلی (009/0=p)، پارگی زودرس کیسه آب (008/0=p)، نوع سزارین (003/0=p)، دیابت بارداری (008/0=p) و شاخص توده‌بدنی (005/0=p) بین دو گروه اختلاف آماری معناداری داشتند.
نتیجه‌گیری: عفونت محل زخم جراحی پس از سزارین در 25% زنان مشاهده شد و ریسک فاکتورهای آن شامل سن بارداری، تعداد بارداری‌ها و سزارین‌های قبلی، پارگی زدرس کیسه آب، اورژانسی بودن سزارین، ابتلاء به دیابت بارداری و شاخص توده بدنی بالا بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Rate of post-cesarean surgical wound infection and its related factors in women referred to Tabriz hospitals

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Dousti 1
  • Seyed Mehdi Haghdoost 2
1 Instructor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mahabad Branch, lslamic Azad University, Mahabad, lran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Cesarean section is the most common surgery in obstetrics and gynecology. Post-cesarean surgical wound infection has irreversible complications. Lack of knowledge about its prevalence has prevented the adoption of preventive decisions in general policies of the health system. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the rate of post-cesarean surgical wound infection and its related factors in women referred to Tabriz hospitals.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 315 women candidate for cesarean section in public and private hospitals of Tabriz from 2018 to 2019. Symptoms of surgical wound infection were recorded in post-cesarean section infection questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) and Chi-square, Independent t-test and logistic regression. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: 79 participants (25.08%) had symptoms of surgical wound infection. Investigation of specific and effective risk factors on surgical wound infection indicated that variables such as gestational age (P=0.041), number of pregnancies (P=0.019), previous cesarean section (P=0.009), premature rupture of membrane (P=0.008), type of cesarean section (P=0.003), gestational diabetes (P=0.008) and body mass index (P=0.005) were significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion: Post-cesarean surgical wound infection was observed in 25% of women and its risk factors included gestational age, number of pregnancies and previous cesarean section, premature rupture of membrane, emergency cesarean section, gestational diabetes, and high BMI.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cesarean Section
  • Infection
  • Risk Factor

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 23، شماره 5
مرداد 1399
صفحه 60-66

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