ارزیابی سواد سلامت دهان و رفتار بهداشتی دهان و دندان در زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی جنوب استان کرمان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه ارتدنسی، دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه آسیب‌شناسی فک و صورت، مرکز تحقیقات مؤلفه‌های اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت دهان، دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

3 دندان‌پزشک، دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران.

4 دندان‌پزشک، دانشکده دندان‌پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمان، کرمان، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: کمبود دانشدر مورد سلامت دهان زنان باردار می‌تواند بر روی سلامت مادر و کودک اثر بگذارد. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی سواد سلامت دهان و دندان مادران باردار در شهرهای جنوب استان کرمان انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه‌ مقطعی توصیفی- تحلیلی در سال 1397 بر روی 164 زن باردار مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهرستان‌های جنوب استان کرمان انجام شد. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه اطلاعات دموگرافیک (سن، تحصیلات، تعداد فرزند، تعداد بارداری، وضعیت اقتصادی) و پرسشنامه‌ استاندارد سواد سلامت دهان و دندان (شامل 17 سؤال در چهار حیطه‌ شنیداری، درک مطلب، توانایی خواندن و تصمیم‌گیری) و ارزیابی رفتار بهداشتی وخوداظهاری در مورد وضعیت سلامت دهان و دندان و DMFT بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 21) و آزمون‌های آماری کای دو و ANOVA انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: در این مطالعه 63 نفر (4/43%) افراد بارداری اول و بیشتر افراد 55 نفر (7/33%) دیپلم بودند. 121 نفر (8/73%) قبل از تصمیم به بارداری به دندان‌پزشک مراجعه نداشتند. بیشترین منبع کسب اطلاعات بهداشت دهان و دندان، دندان‌پزشکان بودند. سواد سلامت دهان و دندان در 122 نفر (4/74%) افراد ناکافی بود. بین سطح سواد سلامت دهان و دندان با میزان تحصیلات (009/0=p) و استفاده از خمیردندان (005/0=p) و مسواک زدن (001/0=p) ارتباط آماری معنی‌داری مشاهده شد.
نتیجه‌گیری: سواد سلامت دهان و دندان در زنان باردار ناکافی است. مشاوره‌های دندان‌پزشکی قبل از تصمیم به بارداری و آموزش در این مورد توصیه می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Oral health literacy and oral health behavior in pregnant women referring to health centers in south of Kerman province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Karimi Afshar 1
  • Molook Torabi 2
  • Melika Raeisi Afshar 3
  • Maryam Deldar 4
1 Assisstant professor, Department of Orthodontics, School of Odontology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2 Associate professor, Department of Oral Pathology, Social Determinants of Oral Health Research Center, School of Odontology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
3 Dentist, School of Odontology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
4 Dentist, School of Odontology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Low knowledge of oral health in pregnant women can affect both mother and child’s health. This study was performed with aim to evaluate oral and dental health literacy and oral health behavior in pregnant women in south cities of Kerman province.
Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was done on 164 pregnant women who referred to health centers in south cities of Kerman province in 2018. Data was collected by demographic characteristic questionnaire (age, education, number of children, number of pregnancy, the economic situation) and the standard questionnaire of oral and dental health literacy )OHL-Q) (including 17 questions in four domains of hearing, comprehension, ability to read and decision -making), assessment of oral health behavior, self-report of oral and teeth health status and DMFT. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 21) and Chi-square and ANOVA tests. PResults: In the present study, 63 patients (43.4%) experienced the first pregnancy and most subjects 55 (33.7%) were diploma. 121 women (73.8%) had not dental examination before decision for pregnancy. The most frequent source of oral health information was dentists. Oral health literacy was insufficient in 122 (74.4%). There was significant difference between the level of oral health literacy and educational level(p=0.009),using tooth paste (p=0.005)and tooth brushing (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Oral and dental health literacy in pregnant women is inadequate. Dentistry consultation and oral health education before decision for pregnancy are recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • DMFT
  • Health behavior
  • Health literacy
  • Oral literacy
  • Pregnancy

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 23، شماره 3
خرداد 1399
صفحه 39-49

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