The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility

The Effect of Ferrous Sulfate on Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women with Acquired Hypothyroidism during Second Trimester of Pregnancy in Urmia Kowsar Hospital

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Somayeh Ghasemzadeh 1
Mobina Porghahramani 2
Javad Rasouli 3
Fatemeh Bahadori 4
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
2 Doctor of Medicine, Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics, Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Research Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
10.22038/ijogi.2026.86918.6387
Abstract
Introduction: Pregnant women are more susceptible to iron deficiency anemia, and iron deficiency is common in patients with hypothyroidism. Given the interrelationship between iron metabolism and thyroid function, this study was conducted with aim to investigate the effect of ferrous sulfate on thyroid function in pregnant women with acquired hypothyroidism during the second trimester at Kosar Women’s Hospital in Urmia.
Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 48 pregnant women with acquired hypothyroidism at second trimester. The participants were randomly divided into two groups of 24 subjects. The intervention group daily received two tablets of ferrous sulfate containing 50 mg of elemental iron, while the control group received two placebo tablets. After three months, serum levels of ferritin, iron, and TSH were evaluated in both groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 21) and independent and paired t-tests. P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 30.90 ± 11.24 years. The mean serum ferritin and iron levels in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (22.37 vs. 14.96, P < 0.001; 35.89 vs. 24, P < 0.001, respectively). Additionally, the mean TSH levels showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: The findings indicated that the use of ferrous sulfate could influence thyroid function in pregnant women with acquired hypothyroidism. However, further research with high sample size is necessary to confirm these findings and determine clinical importance.
Keywords
Ferritin
Ferrous Sulfate
Iron
Pregnancy
Thyroid
Subjects
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The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Volume 29, Issue 2
April 2026
Pages 12-21