میکروبیوتا و سرطان دهانه رحم: بررسی نظام‌مند نقش میکروبیوتای واژن بر افزایش خطر سرطان دهانه رحم

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد ژنتیک، مرکز تحقیقات سندرم متابولیک، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. کارشناس ارشد گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد ژنتیک، مرکز تحقیقات ژنتیک پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکترای ژنتیک پزشکی، کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم ‌پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران. دانشجوی دکترای ژنتیک پزشکی، گروه ژنتیک پزشکی و پزشکی مولکولی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم ‌پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 دانشیار ژنتیک پزشکی، مرکز تحقیقات سندرم متابولیک، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

5 استادیار پزشکی مولکولی، مرکز تحقیقات ژنتیک پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

10.22038/ijogi.2025.86624.6376

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان دهانه رحم، یکی از شایع ­ترین سرطان­ ها در زنان است. اگرچه ویروس پاپیلوما انسانی به­ عنوان عامل خطر اصلی سرطان شناخته می‌شود، اما نقش میکروبیوتای واژن و دهانه رحم در مراحل سرطان‌زایی نیز اهمیت دارد. مطالعه مرور نظام‌مند حاضر با هدف بررسی ترکیب میکروبیوتا واژن و دهانه رحم و ارتباط آن با دیسپلازی سرطان رحم انجام شد.
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مروری، مقالات پژوهشی منتشر شده بین سال‌های 2017 تا فوریه 2025 از پایگاه ­های Scopus، PubMed و Web of Science با کلیدواژه ­های MeSH مرتبط با میکروبیوتای واژن، دهانه رحم، ویروس پاپیلومای انسانی، دیسپلازی و سرطان دهانه رحم مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند.
یافته­ها: در 18 مطالعه نهایی، 42 گونه باکتری در میکروبیوم واژن و دهانه رحم گزارش شد. 7 گونه باکتری لاکتوباسیل-کریسپاتوس، لاکتوباسیل- اینرس، پرووتلا، گاردنرلا، اسناتیا، مگاسفرا، لاکتوباسیل- جنسنی در طول مراحل مختلف سرطان­زایی دهانه رحم در زنان افزایش یافته بود. به ­طور کلی، 7 گونه باکتری با وضعیت سالم، 11 گونه با پیامدهای ویروس پاپیلومای انسانی و 24 گونه با سیتولوژی/دیسپلازی غیرطبیعی بودند که شامل 7 گونه مرتبط با سرطان دهانه رحم مرتبط بودند و هم‌چنین 12 مطالعه تنوع آلفا و بتا را میان گروه‌های بیمار و سالم مقایسه کرده‌ بودند.
نتیجه­ گیری: شناسایی گونه­ های باکتری مرتبط با سرطان‌زایی دهانه رحم می‌تواند در پیشگیری، تشخیص زودهنگام و طراحی درمان‌های هدفمند نقش داشته باشد. تمامی مطالعات ارتباط معنادار میکروبیوتای واژن با بروز یا پیشرفت سرطان دهانه رحم را تأکید کردند؛ اگرچه ترکیب میکروبی گزارش شده در جمعیت ­ها و مناطق مختلف متفاوت بوده است. این یافته‌ها می‌توانند مبنای توسعه مداخلات مبتنی بر میکروبیوتا در آینده باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Microbiota and Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review of the Role of Vaginal Microbiota in Increasing the Risk of Cervical Cancer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ensieh Sharafi 1
  • Zahra Keramati 2
  • Asma Khorshid Shamshiri 3
  • Tayebeh Hamzehloei 4
  • Aida Gholoobi 5
1 M.Sc. in Genetics, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. M.Sc. in Genetic, Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc. in Genetic, Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 PhD Student in Medical Genetics, Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. PhD Student in Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Medical Genetics, Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Molecular Medicine, Medical Genetic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. Although human papillomavirus is known as the main risk factor for cervical cancer, the role of the vaginal and cervical microbiota in the stages of carcinogenesis is also important. This systematic review study was conducted with aim to evaluate the composition of the vaginal and cervical microbiota and its association with cervical cancer dysplasia.
Methods: In this review study, the research articles published between 2017 and Februar 2025 from Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were extracted and evaluated with MeSH keywords related to vaginal microbiota, cervix, HPV, dysplasia, and cervical cancer.
Results: In the final 18 studies, 42 unique bacterial species were reported in the vaginal and cervical microbiome. Seven bacterial species, Lactobacillus crispatus, Lactobacillus iners, Prevotella, Gardnerella, Sneathia, Megasphaera, Lactobacillus jensenii, were increased during different stages of cervical carcinogenesis in women. Overall, 7 species were associated with healthy status, 11 species with human papillomavirus sequelae, and 24 species with abnormal cytology/dysplasia, including 7 species associated with cervical cancer. Also, 12 studies had compared alpha and beta diversity between diseased and healthy groups.
Conclusion: Identifying bacterial species associated with cervical carcinogenesis may play a significant role in prevention, early diagnosis, and design of targeted therapies. All studies emphasized the significant association of the vaginal microbiota with the occurrence or progression of cervical cancer. However, the reported microbial composition varied across populations and regions. These findings could form the basis for the development of microbiota-based interventions in the future.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cervical Cancer
  • Human Papillomavirus
  • Vaginal Microbiome

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 28، شماره 6
شهریور 1404
صفحه 78-108

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