Explaining the experiences and perceptions of gynecologists and midwives about virginity examination and it’s outcomes: A qualitative Study
Masoumeh
Simbar
Associate professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
author
Fatemeh
Rahmanian
Instructor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Larestan Azad Islamic University, Fars, Iran.
author
Fahimeh
Ramezani Tehrani
Professor, Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences and Metabolism, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2015
per
Introduction: Virginity examination is known as a custom and norm in some countries including Iran. The main aims for virginity examination in different cultures are including assessment of abstinence, delay for sexual relationship until marriage, prevention of AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, and keeping honor of family by defending of girls’ virginity. Because of different views in relation to virginity examination and surgery procedures to repair it by medical team and reproductive health service providers, reviewing their role and tasks seems to be necessary. This qualitative study was performed with aim to explain the gynecologists’ and midwives’ perceptions and experiences towards virginity examination and its outcomes. Methods: This qualitative study was performed using content analysis approach. Fifteen participants including 7 gynecologists and 8 midwives were qualified for the study that were selected at first by purposeful sampling method and then by snowball sampling method. They were interviewed by in-depth individual interview. Primary question guide was used to collect data. All interviews were recorded and typed and were analyzed by content analysis approach. Results: The analysis of qualitative data led to the presentation of 3 categories "examination’s identity", "examination’s requirements", and "prevention of negative outcomes of examination". The category of “examination identity” had three sub-categories including “the reasons for virginity examination”, “prognostic value of the examination”, and “the outcomes of examination”. The category of “examination’s requirement” had the sub-categories of “the necessity for planning and monitoring of the examination process and the consequences of negative results”, “training, support and safety of medical and midwifery system”, and “reproductive health rights and ethics”. In third category of “prevention of negative outcomes of examination”, there were two subgroups of “the strategies for community empowerment” and “the strategies for prevention from the outcomes of the negative results”. Conclusion: The virginity examination is not related to medical intervention such as prevention, treatment or rehabilitation. It cannot prove the lack of sexual activity and has undesired consequences. Health system promotion in relation to the quality of this examination and education-based community empowerment are two basic approaches to maintain the reproductive health rights.
The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
1680-2993
18
v.
173
no.
2015
1
22
https://ijogi.mums.ac.ir/article_6365_d8b7b2a59a7061bbe72ccf5c8dd36502.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijogi.2015.6365
The survey of midwives’ knowledge, attitude and practice about professional ethics codes in the maternity of Mashhad educational hospitals in 2014
Sedigheh
Yousefzadeh
Instructor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Masoumeh
Kordi
Assistant Professor, Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Seyed Reza
Mazloum
Instructor, Department of Internal Surgery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
Fatemeh
Tara
Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Women,s Health Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
author
text
article
2015
per
Introduction: One of the fundamental goals of health provider systems in the world is observance of the ethical standards in care providing. Since midwives are responsible for women's health care, considering the moral principles in this profession seems to be necessary. The present study was performed with aim to survey the knowledge, attitude and practice among midwives working in the maternity of educational hospitals in Mashhad. Methods:This descriptive study was performed on 68 midwives working in the maternity of educational hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences with at least one year of employment in the maternity in 2014. Data collection tools were personal characteristics questionnaire and determining knowledge and attitude and the checklist of recording the midwives’ attitude and practice about the observance of professional ethical principles. Data analysis was performed using SPSS statistical software (version 16) and statistical tests such as descriptive, variance analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient. P< 0.05 was considered significant. Results: In the present study, in terms of knowledge about professional ethics codes, 46 midwives (67.6%) had a moderate level of knowledge. Also, 58 (85.3%) had good attitude and 54 (79.4%) had average performance about professional ethics codes. Conclusion: Majority of midwives had moderate level of knowledge and performance about professional ethics codes. Therefore, according to the importance of observance of moral principles in providing midwifery care, it is recommended to hold professional ethics education courses to improve knowledge, attitude and practice of midwives.
The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
1680-2993
18
v.
173
no.
2015
23
31
https://ijogi.mums.ac.ir/article_6366_8148b027980f420528bbe5dec890177d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijogi.2015.6366
Comparison of Food intake, physical activity and weight in infertile and healthy women aged 25-40 years
Fargol
Sadeghi
MSc of Health Sciences in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
author
Nastaran
Miri
MSc of Health Sciences in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
author
Ameneh
Barikani
Associate Professor, Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
author
Batool
Hossein Rashidi
Professor (Gynecologist), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vali-e-Asr Reproductive Health Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Azizeh
Ghasemi Nejad
Assistant Professor (Gynecologist), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
author
Elham
Hojaji
MSc of Health Sciences in Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
author
Maryam
Javadi
Assistant professor (Ph.D. in Nutrition), Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
author
text
article
2015
per
Introduction: Infertility is one of the major health problem in different communities. A considerable part of infertility is related to environmental factors and is preventable. According to the prevalence of infertility in iran, and the role of life-style related factors such as: dietary pattern, exercise and weight management in causing reproductive problems, this study was performed with aim to compare food intake, physical activity and weight of infertile women and healthy women aged 25-40 years. Methods: This descriptive and analytic study was performed on 144 infertile women and 144 healthy women referred to Vali-Asr Fertility Research Center, Tehran Gynecology Hospital, and Health Center of East Tehran during 2013 to 2014. General information, dietary intake and physical activity were collected through interviews. Anthropometric measurements were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 16) and using T- test, Chi-square test and logistic regression. PResults: Mean weight was 69.01±11.29 kg and 64.48±7.95 kg in infertile and healthy women, respectively. Mean weight (P= 0.007) and body mass index (P = 0.009) were significantly different between two groups. The duration of daily physical activity in infertile women was less than healthy women, and mainly had light activity, but, there was no significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). Intake of calorie (P= 0.027), protein (P=0.008), carbohydrate (P< 0.001), selenium (P = 0.004), zinc (P<0.001), and vitamin C (P=0.019) were more in infertile women than healthy women. Total fat (P= 0.04), vitamin E (P=0.038) and iron (P<0.001) intake was higher in healthy women than infertile women. After adjusting for confounding factor (consumed energy), only carbohydrate intake was significant between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: lack of physical activity and extra calorie intake are of the causes of obesity. Since the frequency of overweight and obesity in infertile women was 2.2 times more than healthy women, it seems that proper nutrition and exercise can play a role in the prevention and treatment of infertility.
The Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
1680-2993
18
v.
173
no.
2015
32
40
https://ijogi.mums.ac.ir/article_6367_103b49ded984bee7ecf4430d3984a8c3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22038/ijogi.2015.6367