تأثیر آرام ‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی بر وقوع زایمان زودرس در زنان نخست باردار مراجعه‌کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهر همدان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت‌های مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد مشاوره در مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

3 دانشیار گروه مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات مراقبت‌های مادر و کودک، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

4 دانشیار گروه اپیدمیولوژی، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: زایمان زودرس، عامل اصلی مرگ و‌ میر و بیماری‌های دوران نوزادی می‌باشد. با توجه به اینکه تأثیر آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی بر وقوع زایمان زودرس زنان باردار به اندازه کافی مورد توجه قرار نگرفته است، لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف ارزیابی تأثیر آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی بر وقوع زایمان زودرس در زنان نخست باردار شهر همدان انجام شد.
روش‌کار: این مطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در سال 1394 بر روی 120 زن نخست باردار در هفته 22-21 بارداری در شهر همدان انجام شد. افراد ابتدا پرسشنامه اطلاعات فردی و پرسشنامه‌ اضطراب اسپیل برگر را تکمیل کردند و به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه 60 نفره کنترل و مداخله تقسیم شدند. گروه کنترل فقط مراقبت‌های معمول را دریافت کردند، اما گروه مداخله علاوه بر مراقبت‌های معمول، پس از فراگیری تکنیک آرام‌سازی عضلانی، به مدت 10 هفته این تمرینات را در منزل انجام دادند و برگه ثبت عملکرد روزانه را تکمیل کردند و تا هفته 32 بارداری از نظر وقوع زایمان زودرس پیگیری شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماریSPSS  (نسخه 20) و آزمون‌های تی تست، کای اسکوئر و تحلیل کوواریانس انجام شد. میزان p کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: دو گروه قبل از مداخله از نظر سطوح اضطراب آشکار و پنهان همگن بودند، اما پس از مداخله در گروه کنترل افزایش معنادار (001/0>p) و در گروه آزمون کاهش معناداری (001/0>p) در میانگین اضطراب آشکار و پنهان مشاهده شد. همچنین در گروه کنترل زایمان زودرس به طور معناداری بیشتر از گروه مداخله رخ داده بود (04/0=p). 
نتیجه‌گیری: آموزش تکنیک آرام‌سازی پیشرونده عضلانی به زنان باردار می‌تواند تأثیر بسزایی بر کاهش اضطراب و کاهش وقوع زایمان زودرس داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of progressive muscle relaxation on preterm delivery among primigravida women referred to health care centers in Hamadan

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Shobeiri 1
  • Masoome Taravati Javad 2
  • Farzaneh Soltani 3
  • Manoochehr Karami 4
1 Associate professor, Department of Midwifery, Mother & Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
2 M.Sc. in Midwifery Consulting, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
3 Associate professor, Department of Midwifery, Mother & Child Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
4 Associate professor, Department of Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Preterm delivery is the main cause of mortality and neonatal diseases. Since the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on preterm delivery in pregnant women has not been paid enough attention, therefore, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation on preterm delivery of primigravida women referred to health care centers in Hamadan.
Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 120 primigravida women at 21-22 gestational week in Hamadan in 2015. At first, the subjects completed demographic questionnaire and Spielberger questionnaire and were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (60 women in each group). The control group only received routine prenatal care, but experimental group in addition to routine prenatal care, learned muscle relaxation techniques and performed these exercises at home for 10 weeks, and completed daily performance sheet and were followed up to 32 weeks of gestation in terms of preterm delivery. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20), and t-test, Chi-square, and covariance analysis. PResults: Two groups were homogenous in terms of state and trait anxiety levels before the intervention, but after the intervention, state and trait anxiety in the control group was significantly increased (P<0.001), and significantly decreased in experimental group (P<0.001). Also, preterm delivery was significantly higher in control group than experimental group (P=0.04).
Conclusion: Teaching progressive muscle relaxation techniques to pregnant women can have a significant impact on reducing anxiety and preterm delivery.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Anxiety
  • pregnancy
  • Preterm delivery
  • Progressive muscle relaxation

مراجع

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 19، شماره 11
هفته سوم خرداد ماه 1395
خرداد 1395
صفحه 1-10

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