مروری سیستماتیک بر انواع روش‌های درمانی جهت کاهش درد و بهبود زخم اپی ‌زیاتومی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

3 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: اپی‌زیاتومی شایع‌ترین مداخله جراحی در اواخر مرحله دوم زایمان است و درد پرینه شایع‌ترین عارضه اپی‌زیاتومی می‌باشد. از آنجا که این درد کیفیت زندگی و روابط مادر و نوزاد را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهد، مطالعات متفاوتی در جهت درمان سریع‌تر و بهتر زخم اپی‌زیاتومی و تسکین درد صورت گرفته است. لذا مطالعه حاضر با هدف مروری سیستماتیک بر مطالعات انجام ‌شده در جهت کاهش درد و بهبود زخم اپی‌زیاتومی در ایران انجام‌ شد.
روش کار: در این مطالعه مروری سیستماتیک اطلاعات مورد نظر از پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی مرکز ثبت کارآزمایی‌های بالینی، Iranmedex، Magiran، Irandoc، Medlib، Google Scholar، SID،Proquest ، Scopus،Pubmed  و Science Direc با کلیدواژه‌هایی شامل اپی‌زیاتومی، درد، پرینه، بهبود زخم تا دسامبر 2015 جستجو شدند و بر اساس معیار جداد، مطالعاتی که نمره 3 و یا بیشتر گرفتند، وارد مطالعه شدند. تجزیه ‌و تحلیل داده‌ها به ‌صورت کیفی انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: در نهایت 36 کارآزمایی بالینی که دارای معیار ورود به مطالعه بودند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. بررسی ها نشان داد که جهت کاهش شدت درد و بهبود زخم اپی زیاتومی از روش های متعددی مانند گیاهان دارویی (اسطوخودوس، زردچوبه و ....)، داروهای شیمیایی (فنی‌توئین و لیدوکائین....) و روش‌های غیردارویی (سرما درمانی و...) استفاده شده است. در بین کل مداخلات، اسطوخودوس، زیتون، زردچوبه، صبرزرد و سرمادرمانی منجر به بیشترین کاهش شدت درد و بهبود سریع‌تر زخم اپی زیاتومی شده بودند.
نتیجه‌گیری: اسطوخودوس، زیتون، زردچوبه، صبرزرد و سرمادرمانی مؤثرترین درمان زخم اپی‌زیاتومی هستند. قضاوت در مورد اثربخشی قطعی این مداخلات نیاز به تحقیقات وسیع‌تر با حجم نمونه بالاتر را می‌طلبد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A systematic review on the type of treatment methods to reduce pain and improve wound healing in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadis Shahrahmani 1
  • Nourosadat Kariman 2
  • Sharareh Jannesari 3
  • Sahar Ghalandari 1
  • Nayereh Asadi 1
1 M.Sc. student of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 M.Sc. of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Episiotomy is the most common surgical intervention at the end of second stage of delivery and perineal pain is the most common complication of episiotomy. Since this pain affects the quality of life and relationships between the mother and baby, different studies have been conducted in order to expedite treatment of episiotomy wound healing and pain relief. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to have a systematic review on the studies performed to reduce episiotomy pain and improve wound healing in Iran.
Methods: In this systematic review, the related information were searched from databases of IRCT, Iranmedex, Magiran, Irandoc, Medlib, Google Scholar, SID, Proquest, Scopus, Pubmed and Science Direct with the keywords of “episiotomy, wound healing, perineum, pain” to December 2015. Then, the articles which obtained score of 3 or higher were entered to the study based on Jadad criteria. Moreover, data were analyzed qualitatively.
Results: Finally, 36 clinical trials which met the inclusion criteria were evaluated. The surveys showed that the several methods were used to reduce the pain intensity and improve wound healing such as herbs (lavender, Curcuma, etc), chemical drugs (phenytoin and lidocaine, etc.) and non-pharmacological methods (cryotherapy and ...). Among all the interventions, Lavender, Olea europaea, Aloe vera, Curcuma and Cryotherapy led to greatest pain reduction and fastest recovery of episiotomy wound.
Conclusion: Lavender, Olea europaea, Aloe vera, Curcuma and Cryotherapy are the most effective treatments for episiotomy wound. However, more accurate studies with higher sample are required for definite judgment about the effectiveness of these interventions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Episiotomy
  • Iran
  • Pain
  • Perineum
  • Wound healing

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 19، شماره 9
هفته اول خرداد ماه 1395
خرداد 1395
صفحه 17-31

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