1. Simopoulou M, Harper JC, Frangoul E, Mantzouraton A, Speyer BE, Serhal P, et al.
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis of chromosome abnormalities: Implication from the
outcome for couples with chromosomal rearrangements. Prenat. Diagn. 2003;23(8):652-62.
2.Hoodfar E, Teebi AS. Genetic referrals of Middle Eastern origin in a western city:
inbreeding and disease profile. J Med Genet. 1996;33:212-5.
3. Abdulrazzag YM, Bener A, al Gazali LT, al Khayat AI, Micallef R, Gaber T. A study
of possible deleterious effect of consanguinity. Clin. Genet. 1997;51:167-73.
4. Khlat M. Consanguineous marriage in Beirut: time trends، spatial distribution. Soc. Biol.
1988; 35:324-330.
5. Rao PS, Inbaraj SG. Trends in human reproduction Wastage in relation to long-term
practice of inbreeding. Ann Hum Gent. 1979 Jan; 42(3):401-13.
6. al-Abdulkareem AA, Ballal SG. Consanguineous marriage in an urban area of Saudi
Arabia. J Community Health. 1998;23(1):75-83.
7.Al-Husain M, al-Bunyan M. Consanguineous marriages in a Saudi population and the
effect of inbreeding on prenatal and postnatal mortality. Ann Trop Paediatr 1997;
17:155-160.
8.Alper OM, Erengin H, Manguoglu AE, Bilgen T, Cetin Z, Dedeoglu N, et al.
Consanguineous marriages in the province of Antalya، Turkey. Ann Genet. 2004;
47:129-138.
9. Baki A, Karaguzel A, Beser E, Cakmakci T, Ucar E, Omeroglu A. Consanguineous
marriages in the province of Trabzon، Turkey، East. Afr Med J 1992;69(2):94-6.
10. Bittles AH, Hussain R. An analysis of consanguineous marriage in the Muslim
population of India at regional and state levels. Ann Hum Biol. 2000; 27:163-171.
11. Bittles AH. Endogamy، consanguinity and community genetics. J Genet. 2002;81:91-98.
12. Cereijo AI, Prieto L, Martinez-frias ML. Effect of consanguinity and endogamy on
mortality and fertility in a Spanish population. Genet Iber. 1985;37:207-19.
13. Cramer DW, Wisc LA. The epidemiology of recurrent pregnancy loss semin. Reprd
Med. 2002; 18(4):331-9.
14. Demirel S,، Kaplanoglu N, Acar A, Bodur S, Paydak F. The frequency of consanguinity
in konya، Turkey، and its medical effects. Genet Couns. 1997;8(4): 295-301.
15. Donbak L. Consanguinity in kahramanmaras city، Turkey، and its medical impact. Saudi
Med J. 2004 Dec; 25 (12):1991-40.
16. Guz K, Dedeoglu N, Luleci G. The frequency and medical effects of consanguineous
marriages in Antalyc، Turkey. Hereditas. 1989;111(1):79-83.
17. Hassanzadeh Nazarabadi M, Raoofian R, Abutorabi R. Balanced chromosomal
translocations of parents in relation to spontaneous abortions. J Sci Islamic Rep Iran.
2005;16(3):203-208.
18. Hussain R, Bittles AH. The prevalence and demographic characterstic of
consanguineous marriages in Pakistan. J Biosoc Sci. 1998; 30: 261-275.
19. Jiang J, Manfen F, Defen W. Cytogenetic Analysis in 61 couples with Spontaneous
Abortions. Chin Med J. 2001; 114(2):200-201.
20. Khoury SA, Massad DF. Consanguinity، fertility، reproductive wastage، infant mortality
and congenital malformation in Jordan. Saudi Med J. 2000 Feb;21(2): 150-4.
21. Luna F, Valls A, Fernandez-Santander A. Inbreeding incidence on biological fitness in
an isolated Mediterranean population (Southeastern Spain). Ann Hum Biol. 1998;25(6):
589-96.
22. Luna F, Polo V, Fernandez- Santander A, Moral P. Spontaneous abortion pattern in an
isolated Mediterranean population. La Alta Alpujarra Oriental (Southeastern Spain).
Hum Biol. 1997;69(3):345-56.
23. Maione S, Lamberti L, Alovisi C, Armellino F. Retrospective study of couples with a
history of recurrent spontaneous abortion. Acta Eur Fertile. 1995;26(3):95-100.
24. Makino T, Tabuchi T, Nakada K, Iwasaki K, Tamura S, Lizuka R. Chromosomal
analysis in japanese couples with repeated spontaneous abortions. Int J Fertil.
1990;35(5):266-70.
25. Patriarca A, Piccioni V, Gigante V, Parise G, Benedetto C. Recurrent spontaneous
abortion. Etiologic factors. Paminvera Med. 2000; 42(2):105-8.
26. Reindollar RH. Contemporary issues for spontaneous abortion. Does recurrent abortion
exist?، Obstet. Gynecol. Clin North Am. 2000; 27(3):541-54.
27. Saadat M, Ansari-Lari M, Farhud DD. Consanguineous marriage in Iran. Ann Hum
Biol. 2004;31:263-269.
28. Saad FA, Jauniaux E. Recurrent early pregnancy loss and consanguinity. Reprod
Biomed Online. 2002; 5(2):167-70.
29. Simpson JL. Incidence and timing of pregnancy losses: relevance to evaluating safety of
early prenatal diagnosis. Am J Med Genet. 1990;35(2):165-73،
30. Stephenson MD, Awareti KA, Robinson WP. Recurrent miscarriage: a case control
study. Hum Reprod. 2002;17(2):446-5.
31. Smiths LJ, Nelen WL, Wouters MG, Straatman H, Jongbloet PH, Zie lhuis GA.
Condition at conception in women with recurrent miscarriage. Soc Biol. 1998;45(1-
2):143-9.
32. Stern C, Pertile M, Norris H, Hale L, Baker HW. Chromosome translocation in couples
with in-vitro fertilization implantation failure. Hum Reprod. 1999;14(8):2097-101.
33. Surrender S, Prabakaran B, Khan AG. Mate Selection and its impact on female marriage
age، pregnancy wastages، and first child survival in tamil. Nadu India Soc Biol.
1998;45(3-4):289-301.
34. Tsui KM, Yu WL, Lo FM, Lam TS. A cytogenetic study of 514 Chinese couples with
recurrent spontaneous abortion. Chin Med J(Engl). 1996 ;109(8):635-8.
35. Turnpenny PD, Ellar S. Emery's elements of medical genetics. 12th ed. London: Elsevier
Churchill livingstone ;2005 :125.
36. Wahab A, Ahmad M. Biosocial perspective of consanguineous marriages in rural and
urban Swat، Pakistan. J Biosoc Sci. 1996; 28:305-313.
37. Warburton D, Stein Z, Kline J. Chromosome abnormalities in spontaneous abortion،
Data from the New York City Study. In : Porter IH, Hook EB (eds). Human embryonic
and fetal death. New York:Academic Press ;1980:261.