بررسی مطالعات مرتبط با دیسمنوره اولیه در بُعد ابزار سنجش درد قاعدگی

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 مربی گروه مامایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قوچان، قوچان، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکترای بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: دیسمنوره اولیه از شایع‌ترین شکایات زنان است. بررسی بیمار و درمان موفق وی نیازمند سنجش میزان درد است. با توجه به شیوع بالا و متفاوت دیسمنوره اولیه در مطالعات و شناخت مقبول‌ترین ابزارهای بررسی درد دیسمنوره و به بحث گذاشتن مزایا و معایب این ابزارها، مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی مطالعات مرتبط با دیسمنوره در بُعد ابزار سنجش درد قاعدگی انجام شد.
روش کار: این مطالعه مروری با هدف بررسی مطالعات مرتبط با دیسمنوره در بُعد ابزار سنجش درد قاعدگیانجام شد.بدین منظور پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Pubmed Medline، Embase، Cochran و Google Scholar جهت یافتن منابع مرتبط در فاصله سال‌های 2003 تا 2013 و با کلید واژه‌هایی نظیر dysmenorrhea،  scale و ... جستجو شدند. محتوای مقالات با دقت و به تکرار مطالعه شد و با تمرکز بر ابزار بررسی درد از بُعد کیفی و کمی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: در جستجوی به عمل آمده در مجموع تعداد 259 مقاله به دست آمد. از این تعداد 248 مقاله از ابزارهای ذهنی و 11 مقاله از ابزارهای عینی دیسمنوره استفاده کردند. پرکاربردترین ابزارهای ذهنی VASو معیار چندبُعدی گفتاری دیسمنوره و پرکاربردترین ابزار عینی دیسمنوره بررسی سطح پروستاگلاندین‌ها بود. به طور کلی از 28 ابزار متفاوت برای بررسی درد دیسمنوره استفاده شده بود. در مقالات فارسی 9 ابزار به کار برده شده بود. به علاوه 199 مقاله (6/78%) از یک ابزار، 48 مقاله (18%) از دو ابزار، 10 مقاله (8/2%) از سه ابزار و 2 مقاله (4/0%) از چهار ابزار هم‌زمان استفاده کرده بودند.
نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی ابزارهای متنوع و زیادی برای ارزیابی درد قاعدگی اولیه در دسترس هستند، ولی هنوز یک استاندارد طلایی وجود ندارد. اما VAS و معیار چندبُعدی گفتاری دیسمنوره نسبت به بقیه ابزارها بیشتر استفاده می‌شوند. لازم است ابزار مناسب با توجه به هدف پژوهشگر از تحقیق، هزینه انجام مطالعه، مشخصات جامعه مورد بررسی و ویژگی‌های ابزار انتخاب شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessment of the Articles Related to Primary Dysmenorrhea in Dimension of Menstrual Pain Assessment Tools

نویسندگان [English]

  • Tahereh Zahedifard 1
  • Mahboubeh Firozi 2
1 Faculty Member, Department of Midwifery, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran
2 PhD Student of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea is of the most common complaints in women. Patient assessment and successful treatment needs to assess the patient's pain. According to high and different prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea in various studies and to know the most accepted tools of dysmenorrhea pain assessment and to discuss the advantage and disadvantage of these tools, this study was performed with aim to assess the articles related to dysmenorrhea in dimension of menstrual pain assessment tools.
Methods:This review article was performed with aim to assess the articles related to dysmenorrhea in dimension of menstrual pain assessment tools. Therefore, databases of Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed Medline, and Google Scholar were searched to find the related references with keywords of dysmenorrhea, scale, … between 2003 and 2013. The contents of the articles were exactly and repeatedly studied and were analyzed with focus on qualitative and quantitative aspects of pain assessment tools.
Results: Totally, 259 articles were obtained. 248 articles used subjective tools of dysmenorrhea and 11 articles used objective tools. The most used subjective tools were VAS and Multi dimensional Verbal scale and most used objective tools of dysmenorrhea was evaluation of prostaglandins level. Totally, 28 different tools were used to assess dysmenorrhea pain. 9 tools were used in Persian articles. Moreover, 199 articles (78.6%) had simultaneously used one scale, 48 (18%) two scales, 10 (2.8 %) three and 2 (0.4 %) four scales.
Conclusion: Generally, various and different tools are available for menstrual pain assessment, but there is not a gold standard, but VAS and Verbal multidimensional scale are used more than other tools. It is necessary to select an appropriate tool according to the aim of researcher of the study, the study's cost, characteristics of study population and scale properties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Dysmenorrhea
  • Pain assessment
  • Tools
  1. Kermanshahi S, Hoseinzadeh SH, Alhani F. The effect of the group counseling program on the status of primary dysmenorrhea, dietary condition and exercise in Shahreyar Girl’s High School. ZUMS J 2009; 16(65):49-60. (Persian).
  2. Koraniyan F, Zahedifard T, Vagharseyedin A. Concepts of nursing. 1th ed. Mashhad: Yarashna; 2009. P. 64. (Persian).
  3. Kalvandi R, Alimohammadi S, Pashmakian Z, Rajabi M. The effects of medicinal plants of melissa officinalis and salvia officinalis on primary dysmenorrhea. Sci J Hamadan Univ Med Sci 2014; 21(2):105-11. (Persian).
  4. Davari M, Reihani M, Khoshrang N. The aromatherapy effect of rosemary and lavander on primary dysmenorrheal: a clinical controlled trial. J Esfahan Med Sch 2014; 32(290):929-37. (Persian).
  5. Alizadeh Charandabi SM, Mirghaforvand M, Javadzadeh Y, Nezamivand Chegini S. Effect of calcium with and without magnesium on amount and duration of menstrual bleeding in students with primary dysmenorrhea. Iran J Obestet Gynecol Infertil 2014; 16(83):1-8. (Persian).
  6. Reyhani T, Jafarnejad F, Behnam Vashani HA, Baghaei M. The effect of brisk walking on primary dysmenorrhea in girl students. Iran J Obestet Gynecol Infertil 2012; 16(46):14-9. (Persian).
  7. Shafaie FS, Homaei HM, Zoodfekr L. Comparison the frequency of menstrual disorders (amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, dysmenorrhea and premenstrual syndrome) between athletes and non-athletes female students of Tabriz universities, Tabriz, Iran. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2013; 16(51):14-21. (Persian).
  8. Zangane M, Veisi F, Nankali A, Rezaei M, Ataee M. Evaluation of the effects of oral vitamin-d for pelvic pain reduction in primary dysmenorrhea. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2014; 16(88):14-20. (Persian).
  9. Mohammadinia N, Rezaei M, Salehian T, Dashipor AR. Comparing the effect of Anethum gravolens with mefenamic acid consumption on treatment of primary dysmenorrheal. J Sharekord Univ Med Sci 2013; 15(5):57-64. (Persian).
  10. Delaram M, Forozande N. The effect of Fennel on the primary dysmenorrhea in students of
  11. Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2010; 10(1):81-8. (Persian).
  12. Jenabi E, Asle Toghiri M, Hejrati P. The comparison of the effects of antiplain of valeriana officinalis risom and mefenamic acid in relief of primary dismenorrhea. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2012; 15(2):42-7. (Persian).
  13. Aksoy AN, Gozukara I, Kabil Kucur S. Evaluation of the efficacy of Fructus agni casti in women with severe primary dysmenorrhea: a prospective comparative doppler study. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014; 40(3):779-84.
  14. Iacovides S, Baker FC, Avidon I. The 24-h progression of menstrual pain in women with primary dysmenorrheal when given diclofenac potassium: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2014; 289(5):993-1002.
  15. Iacovides S, Baker FC, Avidon I, Bentley A. Women with dysmenorrheal are hypersensitive to experimental deep muscle pain across the menstrual cycle. J Pain 2013; 14(10):1066-76.
  16. Witt J, Strickland J, Cheng AL, Curtis C, Calkins J. A randomized trial comparing the VIPON tampon and ibuprofen for dysmenorrheal pain relief. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2013; 22(8):702-5.
  17. Potur DC, Komurcu N. The effects of local low-dose heat application on dysmenorrhea. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2014; 27(4):216-21.
  18. Dmitrovic R, Kunselman AR, Legro RS. Continuous compared with cyclic oral contraceptives for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial. Obstet Gynecol 2012; 119(6):1143-50.
  19. Huang QM, Liu L. Wet needling of myofascial trigger points in abdominal muscles for treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea. Acupunct Med 2014; 32(4):346-9.
  20. Pitangui AC, Gomes MR, Lima AS, Schwingel PA, Albuquerque AP, de Araujo RC. Menstruation disturbances: prevalence, characteristics, and effects on the activities of daily living among adolescent girls from Brazil. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2013; 26(3):148-52.
  21. Soltani F, Shobeiri F. Menstrual patterns and its disorders in high school girls. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2011; 14(1):28-33. (Persian).
  22. Molins-Cubero S, Rodriguez-Blanco C, Oliva-Pascual V, Heredia-Rizo M, Bosca-Gandia JJ, Ricard F. Changes in pain perception after pelvis manipulation in women with primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial. Pain Med 2014; 15(9):1455-63.
  23. Kabirian M, Abedian Z, Mazloum SR, Mahram B. Effective conditioning factors on self-care behaviors for primary dysmenorrhea in both peer and health provider-led education. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2014; 17(106):8-15. (Persian).
  24. Saei Gharenaz M, Ozgoli G. Effect of medicinal plants in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea in Iran: a review article. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2015; 18(160):14-31. (Persian).
  25. Firoozi M, Zahedi Fard T, Salari P, Mazloum SR. Study of the relationship between mode of delivery and pattern of primary dysmenorrhea. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2013; 16(71):14-20. (Persian).
  26. Negahban Bonabi T, Rezaian M, Jamali M, Ansari Jaberi A. The relation between primary dysmenorrhea and spontaneous preterm labor in primiparous women in Rafsanjan. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2012; 14(7):37-43. (Persian).
  27. Sarhadi S, Ramezani A, Gholomi M, Taheri H. The effect of an aerobic training cycle in the morning and evening on primary dysmenorrhea and some physiological variables in matured girls. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2015; 18(162):11-20. (Persian).
  28. Salehi F, Marefati H, Arabpour S, Modares Nejad V. Comparison of premenstrual syndrome status and primary dysmenorrheal in active and non-active students. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2012; 15(10):21-9. (Persian).
  29. Kashanian M, Moradi Lakeh M, Ghasemi A, Noori S. Evaluation of the effect of vitamin E for pelvic pain reduction in primary dysmenorrhea. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2012; 14(8):9-15. (Persian).
  30. Alizadeh Charandabi SM, Mirghaforvand M, Javadzade Y, Nezamivand Chegini S. Effect of calcium with and without magnesium on amount and duration of menstrual bleeding in students with primary dysmenorrhea. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2014; 16(83):1-8. (Persian).
  31. Zangene M, Veisi F, Nankali A, Rezaei M, Ataee M. Evaluation of the effects of oral vitamin-D for pelvic pain reduction in primary dysmenorrhea. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2014; 16(88):14-20. (Persian).
  32. Sekhavat L, Naghshi Jouzshari M. Therapeutic effect of vitamin B6 on Gastro-intestinal symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea in young women in Yazd city (2006-2009). Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2010; 13(5):25-9. (Persian).
  33. Jenabi E, Ebrahimzadeh S. Chamomile tea for relief of primary dysmenorrhea. Iran J Obstet Gynecol Infertil 2010; 13(1):39-45. (Persian).
  34. Speroff L, Fritz MA. Clinical gynecology endocrinology and infertility. 8th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 2010.
  35. Saeedi M. Investigation on the effects of pain assessment workshop on knowledge, attitude, and practice of nurses in Valie-Asr Hospital in Arak. Modern Care J 2014; 10(3):183-91. (Persian).
  36. Firozi M, Hadizade Z. Massage, acupressure and reflexology in pregnancy and childbirth. 1th ed. Mashhad: Sokhangostar; 2014. P. 18. (Persian).
  37. Wilson D, Hockenberry MJ. Wong's clinical manual of pediatric nursing. 8th ed. St. Louis: Elsevier Health Sciences; 2012.
  38. Pasero C, MacCoffery M. Pain assessment and pharmacologic management. St. Louis: Elsevier Mosby; 2011.
  39. Jung HS, Lee J. The effectiveness of an educational intervention on proper analgesic use for dysmenorrhea. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 170(2):480-6.
  40. Dmitrovic R, Kunselman AR, Legro RS. Sildenafil citrate in the treatment of pain in primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized controlled trial. Hum Reprod 2013; 28(11):2958-65.
  41. Firozi M. Application of reflexology in midwifery. J Nurs Midwifery Mashhad Univ Med Sci 2003; 9(2):70. (Persian).
  42. Liu CZ, Xie JP, Wang LP, Liu YQ, Song JS, Chen YY, et al. A randomized controlled trial of single point acupuncture in primary dysmenorrhea. Pain Med 2014; 15(6):910-20.
  43. Chao MT, Wade CM, Abercrombie PD, Gomolak D. An innovative acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized, crossover pilot study. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 20(1):49-56.
  44. Huang T, Yang L, Jia S, Mu X, Wu M, Ye H, et al. Capillary blood flow in patients with dysmenorrhea treated with acupuncture. J Tradit Chin Med 2013; 33(6):757-60.
  45. Kiran G, Gumusalan Y, Ekerbicer HC, Kiran H, Coskun A, Arikan DC. A randomized pilot study of acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2013; 169(2):292-5.
  46. Shi GX, Li QQ, Liu CZ, Zhu J, Wang LP, Wang J, et al. Effect of acupuncture on Deqi traits and pain intensity in primary dysmenorrhea: analysis of data from a larger randomized controlled trial. BMC Complement Altern Med 2014; 14:69.
  47. Ma YX, Ye XN, Liu CZ, Cai PY, Li ZF, Du DQ, et al. A clinical trial of acupuncture about time-varying treatment and points selection in primary dysmenorrhea. J Ethnopharmacol 2013; 148(2):498-504.
  48. Liu YQ, Ma LX, Xing JM, Cao HJ, Wang YX, Tang L, et al. Does Traditional Chinese Medicine pattern affect acupoint specific effect? Analysis of data from a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial for primary dysmenorrhea. J Altern Complement Med 2013; 19(1):43-9.
  49. Reyes-Campos MD, Diaz-Toral LG, Verdin-Teran SL, Orozco-Suarez ES, Lopez-Ramirez P, Pineda-Carranza A, et al. Acupuncture as an adjunct treatment for primary dysmenorrhea: a comparative study. Med Acupunct 2013; 25(4):291-4.
  50. 49- Chao MT, Wade CM, Abercrombie PD, Gomolak D. An innovative acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea: a randomized, crossover pilot study. Altern Ther Health Med 2012; 20(1):49-56.
  51. Park K, Kim J, Park KS, Lee JM. An analysis of recent oriental medical research on dysmenorrhea. J Korean Med 2013; 34(4):32-45.
  52. Sousa FA, Pereira LV, Cardoso R, Hortense P. Multidimensional pain evaluation scale. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2010; 18(1):3-10.
  53. Mudgalkar N, Bele SD, Valsangkar S, Bodhare TN, Gorre M. Utility of numerical and visual analog scales for evaluating the post-operative pain in rural patients. Indian J Anaesth 2012; 56(6):553-7.
  54. Kordi M, Firozi M, Esmaili H. Effect of LI4 acupressure on labor pain in the first stage of labor in nuliparous women. Hayat 2011; 16(3):95-101. (Persian).
  55. Upadhyay C, Cameron K, Murphy L, Battistella M. Measuring pain in patients undergoing hemodialysis: a review of pain assessment tools. Clin Kidney J 2014; 7(4):367-72.
  56. Dijkers M. Comparing quantification of pain severity by verbal rating and numeric rating scales. J Spinal Cord Med 2010; 33(3):232-42.
  57. 56- Chien CW, Bagraith KS, Khan A, Deen M, Strong J. Comparative responsiveness of verbal and numerical rating scale to measure pain intensity in patients with chronic pain. J Pain 2013; 14(12):1653-62.
  58. Ferreira-Valente MA, Pais-Ribeiro JL, Jensen MP. Validity of four pain intensity rating scales. Pain 2011; 152(10):2399-404.
  59. Hawker GA, Mian S, Kendzerska T, French M. Measures of adult pain: visual analog scale for pain (vas pain), numeric rating scale for pain (NRS pain), McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ), short-form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPQ), chronic pain grade scale (CPGS), short form-36 bodily pain scale (SF-36 BPS), and measure of intermittent and constant osteoarthritis pain (ICOAP). Arthritis Care Res 2011; 63(Suppl 11):S240-52.
  60. Direkvand-Moghadam A, Khosravi A. Comparison of verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMS) with visual analogue score (VAS) for evaluating Shirazi Thymus Vulgaris on menstrual pain. J Pharm and Biomed Sci 2012; 23(23):19.
  61. Williamson A, HoggartB. Pain: a review of three commonly used pain rating scales. J Clin Nurs 2005; 14(7):798-804.
  62. Hjermstad MJ, Fayers PM, Haugen DF, Caraceni A, Hanks GW, Loge JH, et al. Studies comparing Numerical Rating Scales, Verbal Rating Scales and Visual Analogue Scales for assessment of pain intensity in adults: a systematic literature review. J Pain and Symptom Manage 2011; 41(6):1073-93.
  63. Laroy C. Comparing visual-analog and numeric scales for assessing menstrual pain. Behav Med 2002; 27(4):179-81.
  64. Kliger M, Stahl S, Haddad M, Suzan E, Adler R, Eisenberg E. Measuring the intensity of chronic pain: are the visual analogue scale and the verbal rating scale interchangeable? Pain Pract 2015; 15(6):538-47.
  65. Chizh BA, Hobson AR. Using objective markers and imaging in the development of novel treatments of chronic pain. Expert Rev Neurother 2007; 7(5):443-7.
  66. Ledowski T, Bromilow J, Peach MJ, Storm H, Hacking R, Schug SA. Monitoring of skin conductance to assess postoperative pain intensity. Br J Anaesth 2006; 97(6):862–5.
  67. Schasfoort FC, Formanoy MA, Bussmann JB, Peters JW, Tibboel D, Stam HJ. Objective and continuous measurement of peripheral motor indicators of pain in hospitalized infants: a feasibility study. Pain 2008; 137(2):323–31.
  68. Borsok D, Becerra L, Hargreaves R. Biomarkers for chronic pain and analgesia. Part 1: the need, reality, challenges, and solutions. Discov Med 2011; 11(58):197-207.
  69. Bossart P, Fosnocht D, Swanson E. Changes in heart rate do not correlate with changes in pain intensity in emergency department patients. J Emerg Med 2007; 32(1):19–22.
  70. Younger J, McCue R, Mackey S. Pain outcomes: a brief review of instruments and techniques. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2009; 13(1):39–43.