آیا می توان بدون انجام معاینات بالینی اختلالات ناشی از شلی عضلات کف لگن را غربالگری نمود؟ (یک مطالعه مبتنی بر جمعیت)

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 متخصص زنان و زایمان، مرکز تحقیقات اندوکرینولوژی باروری، پژوهشکده علوم غدد درون ریز و متابولیسم، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، مرکز تحقیقات اندوکرینولوژی باروری، پژوهشکده علوم غدد درون ریز و متابولیسم، دانشگاه علوم شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران.

3 دکترای بهداشت باروری، مرکز تحقیقات اندوکرینولوژی باروری، پژوهشکده علوم غدد درون ریز و متابولیسم، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید بهشتی تهران، تهران، ایران.

4 کارشناس ارشد بهداشت عمومی، اداره سلامت میانسالان، معاونت سلامت وزارت بهداشت، درمان و آموزش پزشکی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: پرولاپس اعضای لگنی از اختلالات شایع بوده که عوارض قابل ملاحظه ای به دنبال دارد و از کیفیت زندگی زنان مبتلا می کاهد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر ارایه و آزمون یک روش ساده برای برآورد شلی عضلات کف لگن در جمعیت عمومی زنان بود.
 
روش‌کار: در این مطالعه مقطعی ابتدا یک بررسی آزمایشی روی200 زن مراجعه کننده به درمانگاه غدد تولید مثل برای معاینات بالینی سالانه انجام شد. سؤالات پرسشنامه اختلالات کف لگن از افراد پرسیده شد و معاینات بالینی برای تشخیص شلی عضلات کف لگن انجام شد. سپس پرسشنامه غربالگری شلی عضلات کف لگن طراحی شد که شامل 4 سؤال منتخب بود. در فاز دوم مطالعه، حساسیت و ویژگی سوالات منتخب با انجام مطالعه روی 994 زن واجد شرایط که به روش نمونه گیری مرحله ای سهمیه ای خوشه ای انتخاب شدند، محاسبه شد. داده ها به کمک نرم افزارSPSS (نسخه 15) و آزمون های تی مستقل، کای دو و رگرسیون لجستیک تحلیل شد.
 
یافته‌ها: پرسشنامه غربالگری شلی عضلات کف لگن حساسیت 5/45% و ویژگی 4/87% در تشخیص شلی عضلات کف لگن داشت و سوال منتخب "بی اختیاری ادرار به دنبال خنده، عطسه یا سرفه" به تنهایی حساسیت 7/40% و ویژگی80% برای تعیین شلی عضلات کف لگن داشت.
 
نتیجه‌گیری: اگر چه غربالگری براساس وجود علایم، گزینه ای مناسب برای بررسی زنان مبتلا به پرولاپس لگن است و می تواند مطالعات مبتنی بر جمعیت را تسهیل کند، به نظر می رسد فاقد حساسیت مناسب در جمعیت عمومی باشد و در زنانی که آگاهی بیشتری از این اختلالات و علایم دارند کارایی بهتری داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Whether the Pelvic Organ Prolapse can be appropriately Screened without a Physical Examination? (A Community Based Study)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani 1
  • Somayeh Hashemi 2
  • Masoumeh Simbar 3
  • Motahare Sadat Allameh 4
1 Obstetrics Gynecologist, Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3 Ph.D of Reproductive Health, Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid-Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, ehran, Iran.
4 M.Sc. of Public Health, Department of Middle-aged Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Deputy of Health, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Pelvic prolapse is one of the most common disorders with a great impact on women’s quality of life. This study was performed with the aim of developing and evaluating a simple screening method for identification of pelvic organ prolapse among general population of women.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, first a pilot study was carried out on 200 women who referred to Reproductive Endocrinology clinic for annual gynecologic examination. The standard Pelvic Floor Disorder Inventory questionnaire was filled up for subjects and their pelvic floor prolapse was assessed using standard pelvic examination. Then, the pelvic organ prolapse screening instrument (POPSI) was developed that contained 4 selected questions. At the second phase of the study, the sensitivity and specificity of the selected questions was evaluated in 954 women who were selected by proportionate cluster sampling. Data was analyzed by SPSS 15 using independent t-test, Chi-square test and logistic regression.
Results: Pelvic Floor Disorder Inventory had 45/5% sensitivity and 87/4% specificity in general population for identification of pelvic prolapse. The selected question of “urinary incontinence after laughing, sneezing or coughing” had 40.7% sensitivity and 80% specificity in assessing the pelvic floor prolapse.
 
Conclusion: Although screening based on symptoms is an appropriate choice for investigating women with pelvic prolapse and can facilitate community based studies, it seems that it lacks sufficient sensitivity in general population and have better efficacy in women who are more aware of such disorders and symptoms.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pelvic Prolapse
  • Community Based Study
  • Screening
  • Iranian women
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