سلامت روان و عوامل مرتبط با آن در زنان جوان شهر کاشان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار روانپزشکی وفوق تخصص روانپزشکی کودک ونوجوان،دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علومپزشکی کاشان

چکیده

مقدمه: زنان یکی از گروههای حساس بهداشتی بوده که نسبت به مردان در خطر بالاتری برای اکثر اختلالات روانی
هستند. سلامت روان زنان، سلامت خانواده و متعاقباً جامعه را تضمین می کند. این مطالعه جهت بررسی وضعیت
سلامت روان زنان جوان در شهر کاشان و عوامل مرتبط با آن در سال 1384 طراحی و اجرا شده است.
روش کار: در این مطالعه مقطعی توصیفی تحلیلی 400 زن جوان 20-40 ساله به روش خوشه ای از سطح شهر
کاشان انتخاب شدند. ابزار مورد استفاده جهت بررسی سلامت روان، پرسشنامه سلامت عمومی 28 سوالی بود.
همچنین یک پرسشنامه جمعیت شناختی (مشخصات فردی، خانوادگی) شامل متغیرهای سن، وضعیت تاهل، وضعیت
شغلی، سن ازدواج، تفاوت سنی با همسر، سن اولین بارداری و تعداد فرزندان برای زنان نمونه تکمیل گردید.
اطلاعات جمع آوری شده توسط نرم افزار SPSS نسخه11 و با استفاده از آزمون مجذور کای مورد تحلیل قرار
گرفت.
نتایج: یافته ها نشان داد که 40 درصد زنان مورد مطالعه در شهر کاشان مشکوک به اختلال روانی (عدم سلامت
روان) بر اساس پرسشنامه سلامت عمومی می باشند. زنان مشکوک به اختلال روانی، در دو زیر مقیاس اضطراب
(9/23) و علائم جسمانی (8/68) میانگین نمرات بالاتری داشتند. سلامت روانی زنان مورد مطالعه ارتباط معناداری با
سن، تعداد فرزندان، سابقه بیماری اعصاب و روان، سابقه بیماری جسمی، تحصیلات و وضعیت اقتصادی داشت
(p<0/05). سلامت روان زنان با وضعیت شغلی، تا هل، سن ازدواج، رابطه معناداری نداشت (p>0/05).
نتیجه گیری: با توجه به نتایج فوق و درصد بالای زنان جوان مشکوک به اختلال روانی در شهر کاشان لزوم
مطالعات دقیق تر و وسیع تر سلامت روان زنان جوان و عوامل مرتبط با آن در سایر نقاط ایران پیشنهاد می شود تا
با تشخیص عوامل دخیل در سلامت روان زنان، به پیشگیری و درمان به موقع این اختلالات پرداخته شود. و با
بهبود سلامت روان زنان جوان، سلامت روان کودکان را فراهم کنیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Mental Health and Its Related Factors in Young Women in Kashan City

نویسنده [English]

  • Zahra Sepehrmanesh
Assistant Professor of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Women are more susceptible to mental disorders than men. Promoting women's mental health leads to promote the mental health of the family and the community. This study was designed to evaluate the mental health and its related factors of the young women living in Kashan city.
 
Methods and Material: Four hundred women aged 20-40 years were participated in this cross sectional study. The participants were selected through cluster sampling from different regions of Kashan city (center of Iran). Informed consents were obtained from all the participants. Their mental health was evaluated by using General Health Questionnaire (28-item). We also used a comprehensive demographic questionnaire to evaluate the related factors, which included some questions regarding the: age, age at the time of marriage, marital status, age at the time of the first delivery, number of children, age discrepancy with the husbands, and history of mental disorders and physical diseases. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11and Descriptive statistical tests and Chi square test.
 
Results: Forty percent of the participants had psychopathology on the basis of the scores they obtained after answering the General Health Questionnaire. The women had more mean scores in two subscales; anxiety (9/23), and somatic symptoms (8/68). Mental health of women had significant relationship with age, number of children, age discrepancy with their husbands, socioeconomic status,education level and history of mental disorders and physical diseases (P<0/05) Women's mental health had not significant relationship with marital status, age at the time of marriage, and employment (P>0.05)
 
Conclusion: Mental disorder is prevalent in women in Kashan city. Multicenter studies are proposed to assess women's mental health in other parts of Iran in order to find the prevalence, the contributing factors, and treat the affected individuals.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mental health
  • Women
  • Iran
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