نقش عوامل فردی اجتماعی و اقتصادی در سرطان دهانه رحم

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز ، تبریز، ایران

2 پزشک عمومی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه: سرطان مهاجم دهانه رحم از شایعترین علل مرگ ناشی از سرطان‌های دستگاه تناسلی زن است که می‌توان با شناخت عوامل خطر و کنترل آنها میزان بروز و مرگ و میر ناشی از آن را کاهش داد. با توجه به تفاوت‌های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و فعالیت جنسی جامعه ایران وو سایر کشورها، این مطالعه به‌منظور بررسی عوامل فردی اجتماعی و اقتصادی در زنان مبتلا به سرطان دهانه رحم انجام شد.
 
روش کار: این مطالعه مقطعی روی 50 بیمار مبتلا به سرطان دهانه رحم بستری در مرکز آموزشی درمانی الزهرا تبریز (گروه بیمار) و 200 نفر زن سالم گروه شاهد در سال‌های 1380 تا 1387 انجام شد. مشخصات فردی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی دو گروه به کمک یک فرم جمع‌آوری و با آزمون‌های تی مستقل، من‌ویتنی یو، مجذور کای و رگرسیون لوجستیک به‌کمک نرم‌افزار SPSS (نسخه 16) تحلیل شد.
 
یافته‌ها: خطر ابتلا به سرطان دهانه رحم در سن بالای 50 سال (33/1=OR)، در زنان دارای شوهران سیگاری (45/1=OR) و در سطح پایین در آمد شوهر (32/1=OR) افزایش نشان داد. سن پایین ازدواج (05/0p<)، تعداد پاریتی 5 و بالاتر (05/0p<)، سن پایین اولین زایمان (05/0p<) و دفعات زیاد ازدواج (05/0p<) با افزایش خطر سرطان دهانه رحم همراه بود. سابقه مصرف کاندوم 70% و انجام پاپ اسمیر 90% اثر محافظتی در ایجاد بیماری نشان داد
 
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به عوامل فردی اجتماعی و اقتصادی دخیل به عنوان عوامل خطر برای ایجاد سرطان دهانه رحم، تدوین برنامه‌های آموزشی و تشویق به شرکت در برنامه‌های غربالگری به‌وبژه برای زنان در سطوح اقتصادی پایین ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Role of Demographic and Socioeconomic Factors in Cervical Cancer

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehri Jafari Shobeiri 1
  • Atieh Chapari Ilkhchi 2
1 Associate Professor of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
2 M.D., Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of most common female genital tract malignancies leading to death. With detection and controlling the risk factors, both the incidence and mortality can be decreased. Because of socioeconomic and sexual behavior differences between Iranian society and other countries, this study was conducted to assess the role of demographic and economic factors on cervical cancer.
 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 50 inpatients of Al-Zahra hospital with cervical cancer and 200 healthy women as control group in Tabriz city between years 2001 and 2008. Socioeconomic and demographic factors were collected by a form and data was analyzed by using U Mann-Whitney, Chi square, t-test and multivarinate logistic regression by SPSS 16 software.
 
Results: Cervical cancer risk increased among more than 50 years old women, (OR=1.33), women whom their husbands were smokers (OR= 1.46) and women who had husbands with low income (OR=1.32). Low aged at marriage (p=0.004), low aged at first delivery (p=0.003), parity number≥5 (p=0.000) and increased marriage number in both women and their husbands (p=0.000) were associated with increased risk of cervical cancer. History of using condom and Pap smear respectively 70% and 90%, had protective effect on cervical cancer.
 
Conclusion: Considering socioeconomic and demographic characteristics which are major risk factors for cervical cancer, it is desirable to provide health and wellbeing education programs for women, particularly those in the lower socioeconomic status, to encourage them to participate in cervical cancer screening programs.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cervical Cancer
  • Predictor values
  • Socioeconomic and demographic factors
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