مقایسه تأثیر دو روش آموزشی ایفای نقش و سخنرانی بر آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد زنان نخست باردار درباره نوع زایمان

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دکترای علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 کارشناس ارشد سنجش و اندازه گیری، مجتمع آموزش عالی پیامبر اعظم (ص) تهران، تهران، ایران.

5 کارشناس ارشد آمار حیاتی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: دانش با تأثیر بر نگرش، تغییر رفتار را ممکن می سازد. آموزش زمانی مؤثر است که بتواند با تغییر نگرش باعث انتخاب ایمن ترین و بهترین روش زایمان شود. هدف از این مطالعه مقایسه تأثیر ایفای نقش و سخنرانی بر آگاهی، نگرش و عملکرد زنان نخست باردار درباره نوع زایمان است.
روش کار: در این کارآزمایی بالینی یک سوکور، 67 زن نخست باردار با حاملگی طبیعی 36-34 هفته و بدون اندیکاسیون سزارین از مراکز بهداشتی- درمانی مشهد در سال 1389 انتخاب و به طور تصادفی به دو گروه آموزشی ایفای نقش و سخنرانی تخصیص یافتند. در دو گروه پیش آزمون و پس آزمون با استفاده از پرسشنامه های پژوهشگر ساخته روا و پایا (با روش تحلیل عاملی) انجام شد. آموزش با روش ایفای نقش در قالب سه نمایشنامه، طی 7 مرحله صورت گرفت. یافته ها با آزمون اختلاف نسبت ها، کای اسکوئر، تی مستقل و زوج و با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 14) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت.
یافته ها: درصد تغییرات نمره آگاهی در دو گروه معنی دار بود (001/0=p). دو گروه از نظر میانگین نمره نگرش در قبل و بعد از مداخله تفاوت معنی دار داشتند (05/0>p). اختلاف میانگین قبل و بعد از مداخله نمره آگاهی و نگرش در دو گروه معنی دار نبود (05/0<p). تفاوت معنی داری بین دو گروه از نظر عملکرد یافت نشد، اما میزان سزارین انتخابی در گروه ایفای نقش یک پنجم سخنرانی بود.
نتیجه گیری: تأثیر سخنرانی بر افزایش آگاهی و ایفای نقش در کاهش سزارین انتخابی بیشتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Comparing the Effect of two Teaching Methods, Role Playing and Lecture on Primigravida Women’s Knowledge, Attitude and Performance according to Delivery Mode

نویسندگان [English]

  • Zahra Abedian 1
  • Maryam Navaee 2
  • Hosein Jaafari Sani 3
  • Arian Arani 4
  • Saeed Ebrahimzadeh 5
1 M.Sc. of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Student of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 PhD. of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
4 M.Sc. of Assessment and Measurement, Tehran Payambar Azam High Education Complex, Tehran, Iran.
5 M.Sc. of Biostatistics, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Knowledge effect on attitude provides behavior’s change. Education is effective while leads to select the best and most safe type of delivery by change of attitudes. This study was performed to compare effectiveness of two teaching methods, role playing and lecture on primigravida women’s knowledge, attitude and performance according to type of delivery.
Methods: In this single blind clinical trial study, 67 primigravida women in 34-36 weeks, with normal pregnancy and without indication of cesarean who referred to Mashhad Health Care Center in year 2010, divided randomly into role-playing and lecture educational groups. Pretest and posttest performed by using a questionnaire (valid, made by researcher and reliable with the factor analysis) in both groups. Training in role-playing group was employed by three scenarios in seven stages. Data were analyzed by different proportions, T-paired, independent T & chi-square methods and SPSS software version 14.
Results: Percentage of changes in knowledge scores was significant in two groups (P=0.001). Participants’ attitude was significant before and after intervention in both groups (P<0.05). Mean difference of pre-test and post-test of knowledge and attitude scores was not significant in two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in performance between two groups, but elective cesarean in role playing was one-fifth of the lecture group.
Conclusion: Lecture was more effective in raising knowledge level and reducing elective caesarean section.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attitude
  • Knowledge
  • Lecture
  • Performance
  • role playing
  • Type of Delivery

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 15، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 1
فروردین ماه 1391
فروردین 1391
صفحه 26-34

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