بررسی فراوانی رخداد بارداری ناخواسته و عوامل مرتبط با آن در زنان باردار شهرستان سرخس

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، مرکز تحقیقات اعتیاد، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی پژوهشی سم شناسی و اعتیاد، مرکز تحقیقات اعتیاد، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 دستیار گروه پزشکی اجتماعی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: بارداری ناخواسته، تهدیدی برای سلامت مادر و کودک می باشد و به عنوان شاخص سلامتی جامعه و بهداشت باروری مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد. استفاده صحیح و مؤثر از روش ‌های پیشگیری از بارداری و آموزش کافی به زنان، می‌تواند باعث محافظت در برابر بیماری ‌های مقاربتی، فاصله ‌گذاری مناسب بین فرزندان، افزایش بهداشت مادر و کودک و اجتناب از بارداری‌ های ناخواسته شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی فراوانی رخداد بارداری ناخواسته و عوامل مرتبط با آن در شهرستان سرخس انجام شد.
روش کار: اینمطالعه توصیفی تحلیلی در سال 1390 بر روی 300 مادر باردار مراجعه کننده به مراکز بهداشتی درمانی شهری و روستایی شهرستان سرخس انجام شد. روش نمونه گیری به روش آسان بود . ابزار گردآوری نمونه ها چک لیست مربوط به اطلاعات فردی و پرسشنامه 28 سوالی مربوط به باورهای زنان و همسرانشان بود. تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از نرم افزار آماری SPSS (نسخه 5/11) و آزمون های کای دو و رگرسیون لوجستیک انجام شد. سطح معناداری 05/0>p درنظر گرفته شد.
یافته ها: شیوع بارداری ناخواسته  7/21% (65 نفر) بود. ارتباط معناداری بین سن (001/0=p)، سابقه بارداری ناخواسته (04/0=p)، قومیت (02/0=p)، تحصیلات (03/0=p)، درآمد خانوادگی (002/0=p)، شغل (001/0=p)،  اطلاع همسر از روش های پیشگیری (006/0=p)، مشارکت همسر در پیشگیری از بارداری (04/0=p)، تعداد فرزندان (04/0=p) و تعداد بارداری های قبلی (01/0=p) با نوع بارداری مشاهده شد. اقدام به سقط در 9/16% بارداری های ناخواسته گزارش شد.
نتیجه گیری: استفاده نامناسب از روش های پیشگیری، عدم مشارکت مردان در برنامه تنظیم خانواده و سابقه قبلی بارداری ناخواسته با فراوانی بالای بارداری ناخواسته همراه است. آموزش زنان و مشارکت مردان، در پیشگیری از بارداری های پرخطر و ناخواسته مهم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the frequency of unwanted pregnancy and its related factors in the pregnant women of Sarakhs city

نویسندگان [English]

  • Lida Jarahi 1
  • Abbas Zavar 2
  • Mahboubeh Neamat Shahi 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Medicine, Addiction Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 PhD student of Toxicology & Alcohol abuse, Addiction Research Centre, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Resident of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Unwanted pregnancy is a threat for maternal and neonatal health and is used as an indicator of community and reproductive health. Correct and effective use of contraception methods and proper training of women can cause protection against sexually transmitted diseases, proper childbearing interval, improving maternal and neonatal health and avoid from unwanted pregnancies. This study was performed with the aim to evaluate of the frequency of unwanted pregnancy and its related factors in the pregnant women of Sarakhs city.
 
Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 300 pregnant mothers referring to rural and urban health care centers in Sarakhs city in 2011. Sampling method was convenient style. Data collection tools were a checklist of personal information’s and a questionnaire of 28 questions related to the beliefs of women and their husbands. Data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 11.5), Chi-square test and logistic regression. PResults: 65 cases (21.7%) of women reported unwanted pregnancies. There were significant association between wanted and unwanted pregnancies with women's age (P=0.001), history of of unwanted pregnancy (P=0.04), ethnicity (P=0.02), education (P=0.03), family income (P=0.002), job (p=0.001), information of husband about contraception methods (P=0.006), participation of husband in  prevention of pregnancy (P= 0.04), and partner participation in contraception (p=0.04), child number (P=0.04), number of child (P=0.04), and number of previous pregnancies (P=0.01). Attempted abortions were reported in 16.9% of unwanted pregnancies.
Conclusions: High rates of unwanted pregnancies is associated with incorrect use of contraceptive methods, lack of men's participation in the program of family planning, previous history of unwanted pregnancy. Training of women and participation of men are important for prevention of risky and unwanted pregnancies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Abortion
  • Family Planning
  • pregnancy
  • Unwanted pregnancy
  • Women
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