بررسی وضعیت شیوع ناهنجاری‌های مادرزادی در ایران: مطالعه مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه بهداشت باروری، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

3 استادیار روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

4 داﻧﺸﯿﺎر گروه ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺘﯽ، داﻧﺸﮑﺪه ﺑﻬﺪاﺷﺖ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﭘﺰﺷﮑﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ، ﻣﺸﻬﺪ، اﯾﺮان.

5 دانشیار گروه زنان و مامایی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، مشهد، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: ناهنجاری‌های مادرزادی از مهم‌ترین علل بستری در بیمارستان و معلولیت و مرگ نوزادان به شمار می­روند و هزینه بستری و اقدامات درمانی این کودکان، بار سنگینی را به سیستم بهداشتی و خانواده‌های آنها وارد می­کند. از این رو مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی وضعیت ناهنجاری‌های مادرزادی در ایران به روش مرور سیستماتیک و متاآنالیز انجام شد.
روش­کار: در این مطالعه مروری جهت یافتن مطالعات مرتبط، پایگاه­های اطلاعاتی SID،Iranmedex ، IranDoc،Magiran ، Scopus و Pubmed و همچنین موتور جستجوی  Google Scholarبا استفاده از کلید واژه­های شیوع، ایران، ناهنجاری‌های مادرزادی و معادل انگلیسی آنها در مجلات فارسی و انگلیسی زبان در فاصله سال‌های 1365 تا اردیبهشت 1397 جستجو شدند. داده­ها با روش متاآنالیز و با استفاده از مدل اثرات تصادفی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و ناهمگنی مطالعات با استفاده از شاخص I2محاسبه شد.
یافته­ها: از مجموع 2306 مطالعه بعد از اعمال معیارهای ورود و خروج، در نهایت 35 مطالعه از فاصله سال‌های 1986 تا 2017 وارد متاآنالیز شدند. نتایج این مطالعه متاآنالیز نشان داد شیوع کلی ناهنجاری مادرزادی در ایران 6/2% می­باشد. شیوع ناهنجاری در پسران 8/2% و در دختران 2% می­باشد. شایع‌ترین ناهنجاری مادرزادی گزارش شده در متولدین ناهنجاری اسکلتی (1/29%) و سپس ناهنجاری سیستم ادراری تناسلی (2/23%) می­باشد.
نتیجه­گیری: نتایج مطالعه حاضر حاکی از میزان بالای ناهنجاری مادرزادی در ایران می­باشد، لذا مطالعات بیشتری جهت شناخت بیشتر این مسأله و برنامه‌ریزی در جهت پیشگیری از بروز ناهنجاری مادرزادی توصیه می­شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The prevalence of congenital anomalies in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morvarid Irani 1
  • Talat Khadivzadeh 2
  • Seyyed Mohsen Asghari Nekah 3
  • Hosein Ebrahimipour 4
  • Fatemeh Tara 5
1 PhD Student of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Reproductive Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Education and Psychology of Exceptional Children, Department of Educational Sciences, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
4 Associate Professor, Department of Health Services Management, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
5 Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Congenital anomalies is one of most important causes of hospitalization, disability and neonatal death; the cost of admission and treatment of these children imposes a heavy burden on the health system and their families. Therefore, the present study was performed with aim to investigate the status of congenital anomalies in Iran through systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods: In this review for finding the related articles, the databases of SID, Iranmedx , Irandoc, Magiran ,Scopus, Pubmed and Google scholar were searched using the keywords such as Prevalence, Iran, Congenital anomalies in Persian and English journals from 1986 to 2018. Data were analyzed by meta-analysis method using random effects model. The heterogeneity of the studies was calculated by I2 Index.
Results: Of 2306 studies, 35 studies which met the inclusion criteria from 1986 to 2018 entered to the meta-analysis. The results of this meta-analysis showed that the total prevalence of congenital anomalies in Iran is 2.6%. The prevalence of abnormalities in boys is 2.8% and in girls is 2%. Also, the most common congenital anomalies were skeletal abnormalities (29.1%) and genitourinary system abnormalities (23.2%), respectively.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate a high prevalence of congenital anomalies in Iran. Further studies are needed to more identify this issue and plan to prevent congenital anomalies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Congenital anomalies
  • Iran
  • Meta-analysis
  • Prevalence
  • Systematic review

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مجله زنان، مامایی و نازایی ایران
دوره 21، ویژه نامه
شهریور 1397
صفحه 29-41

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