تأثیر تمرینات کگل، ثبات دهنده مرکزی و ترکیبی بر استقامت عضلات مرکزی و کیفیت زندگی زنان نخست‌زا بعد از اپی‌زیاتومی

نوع مقاله : اصیل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد حرکات اصلاحی و آسیب‌شناسی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه فیزیولوژی ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

مقدمه: فعالیت ورزشی با اولویت تمرینات ترکیبی، ثبات‌دهنده مرکزی و کگل، به عنوان روشی آسان، کم هزینه، مؤثر و ایمن برای بهبود کیفیت زندگی پس از زایمان زنان نخست‌زا محسوب می‌شود. مطالعه حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر تمرینات کگل، ثبات دهنده مرکزی و ترکیبی بر استقامت عضلات مرکزی و کیفیت زندگی زنان نخست‌زا بعد از اپی‌زیاتومی انجام شد.
روش‌کار: اینمطالعه کارآزمایی بالینی در سال ۱۳۹۵ بر روی 36 زن نخست‌زا در شهرستان نجف‌آباد انجام شد. آزمودنی­ها به‌طور تصادفی به سه گروه تمرینات کگل، گروه تمرینات ثبات مرکزی و گروه ترکیبی تقسیم شدند. سپس آزمودنی‌های هر گروه برنامه تمرین مورد نظر را در مدت 6 هفته و هر هفته 3 جلسه انجام دادند. متغیر‌های مورد نظر شامل استقامت عضلات تنه و کیفیت زندگی در دو نوبت قبل و بعد از انجام تمرینات اندازه‌گیری شد. برای ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با تندرستی نیز از پرسشنامه SF-36 استفاده شد. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار آماری SPSS‌ (نسخه 21) و تست لون، آزمون کولموگروف- اسمیرنوف و تحلیل واریانس انجام شد. میزان p‌ کمتر از 05/0 معنی‌دار در نظر گرفته شد.
یافته‌ها: تمرینات ترکیبی در تمام شاخص­­ها، بیشترین اثرگذاری را داشت. تأثیر تمرینات ترکیبی بر استقامت عضلات مرکزی، به‌طور معناداری بیشتر از تمرینات کگل و ثبات‌دهنده مرکزی بود (05/0>p)، اما در مورد کیفیت زندگی مرتبط با تندرستی، چنین رابطه­ای وجود نداشت و بین تأثیر هر سه روش تمرینی، اختلاف معناداری وجود نداشت (05/0<p).
نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، تمرینات ترکیبی بیشترین تأثیر را بر بهبود استقامت عضلانی دارد و پس از آن تمرینات ثبات دهنده مرکزی تأثیر قابل توجهی بر استقامت عضلات مرکزی بدن دارند، اما در ارتباط با کیفیت زندگی، اختلاف معناداری میان سه روش تمرینی وجود ندارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effects of Kegel, Central, and Combined Stability Exercises on the Central Muscle Endurance and Quality of Life of Primiparous Women after Episiotomy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marziyeh Hoseinkhani 1
  • Farzaneh Taghian 2
1 MSc. in Pathology and Restorative Exercises, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Sport Physiology, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Introduction: Physical activities based on combined exercises, central stability, and Kegel exercises are simple, cost-efficient methods to effectively improve the postpartum quality of life in primiparous women. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Kegel, central, and combined stability exercises on the central muscle endurance and quality of life of primiparous women after episiotomy.
Methods: This clinical trial was conducted on 36 primiparous women in Najafabad city, Iran in 2016. Subjects were randomly divided into three groups of Kegel exercises, central stability training, and combined exercises. Subjects in each group performed the training program for six weeks (three sessions per week). The studied variables included trunk muscle endurance and quality of life, which were measured before and after the intervention. In addition, the SF-36 questionnaire was used to assess the health-related quality of life in the subjects. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 21 using Lone test, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and analysis of variance, and P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Combined exercises had the most significant effect on all the measured indices. Moreover, the effect of combined exercises on central muscle endurance was significantly higher compared to the Kegel and central stability exercises (P>0.05). However, no significant associations were observed between the training programs and quality of life, and there were no significant differences between the three methods in this regard (P<0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results, combined exercises had the greatest impact on improving muscle endurance, followed by central stability exercises, which had a significant effect on central muscle endurance. However, no significant differences were observed between the three exercise modes in terms of the quality of life.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Episiotomy
  • Central Muscle Endurance
  • Quality of life
  • Central Stability
  • Kegel Exercises
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